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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >In Situ Speciation Measurements of Trace Metals in Headwater Streams
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In Situ Speciation Measurements of Trace Metals in Headwater Streams

机译：原水流中痕量金属的原位形态测量

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摘要

Concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn were measured using DGT (diffusive gradients in thin-films) devices deployed in situ in 34 headwater streams in Northern England. Mean values of filtered samples analyzed by ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) were used, along with DOC (dissolved organic carbon), pH and major ions, to calculate the distribution of metal species using the speciation code WHAM. DGT-measured concentrations, [Me]_(DGT), of Zn and Cd were generally simitar to concentrations in filtered samples, [Me]_(filt). For the other metals, [Me]_(DGT) was similar to or lower than [Me]_(filt). Calculation of the maximum dynamic metal from the speciation predicted using WHAM showed that most of the lower values of [Cu]_(DGT) could be attributed to the dominance of Cu-fulvic acid complexes, which diffuse more slowly than simple inorganic species. Similar calculations for Al, Pb, and Mn were consistent with appreciable proportions of these metals being present as colloids that are not simple complexes with humic substances. Differences between WHAM predictions and the measured [Ni]_(DGT) indicated that WHAM used with the default binding parameters underestimates Ni binding to natural organic matter. Plots of [Me]_(DGT) versus the ratio of bound metal to DOC provided slight evidence of heterogeneous binding of Pb and Cu, while results for Mn, Cd, and Zn were consistent with weak binding and complete lability.
机译：使用DGT（薄膜中的扩散梯度）装置现场部署在英格兰北部的34个源头水流中，测量Al，Fe，Mn，Ni，Cu，Cd，Pb和Zn的浓度。使用通过ICP-MS（电感耦合等离子体质谱法）分析的过滤样品的平均值以及DOC（溶解的有机碳），pH和主要离子，使用形态代码WHAM计算金属物种的分布。锌和镉的DGT测量浓度[Me] _（DGT）通常与过滤后样品[Me] _（filt）中的浓度相似。对于其他金属，[Me] _（DGT）等于或低于[Me] _（filt）。根据使用WHAM预测的物种计算出的最大动态金属含量表明，[Cu] _（DGT）的大多数较低值可归因于Cu-富叶酸络合物的主导地位，其扩散速度比简单的无机物种慢。对Al，Pb和Mn的相似计算与这些金属作为胶体存在的可观比例一致，这些胶体不是与腐殖质的简单络合物。 WHAM预测值与测得的[Ni] _（DGT）之间的差异表明，与默认结合参数一起使用的WHAM低估了Ni与天然有机物的结合。 [Me] _（DGT）与结合金属与DOC的比例关系图提供了Pb和Cu异质结合的轻微证据，而Mn，Cd和Zn的结果与弱结合和完全不稳定性相符。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第19期|7230-7236|共7页
  • 作者

    KENT W. WARNKEN; ALAN I. LAWLOR; STEPHEN LOFTS; EDWARD TIPPING; WILLIAM DAVISON; HAO ZHANG;

  • 作者单位

    Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg,Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom;

    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre,Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP;

    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre,Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP;

    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre,Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP;

    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre,Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP;

    Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg,Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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