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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Exhibit Limited Transport in Soil Columns
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Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Exhibit Limited Transport in Soil Columns

机译：单壁碳纳米管在土壤柱中的迁移受限

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摘要

The increased production and commercial use of nanomaterials combined with a lack of regulation to govern their disposal may result in their introduction to soils and ultimately into groundwater systems. In this study, we investigated the transport behavior of carboxyl-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in columns packed with a natural soil. In general, SWNT deposition (filtration) rate increased with increasing solution ionic strength, with divalent cations (Ca~(2+)) being more effective in increasing SWNT retention than monovalent cations (K~+). However, SWNT deposition rate over a very wide range of monovalent and divalent cation concentrations (0.03 to 100 mM) was relatively high and changed only slightly above 0.3 mM KCI or 0.1 mM CaCl_2. In contrast filtration of another type of engineered carbon-based nanomaterial, namely aqueous fullerene (C_(60)) nanoparticles (radius of 51 nm), was more sensitive to solution ionic strength, displaying lower deposition rate and more effective transport in soil than SWNTs. These observations indicate that physical straining governs SWNT filtration and transport under all the solution chemistries investigated in the present study. It is proposed that SWNT shape and structure, particularly the very large aspect ratio and its highly bundled (aggregated) state in aqueous solutions, as well as the heterogeneity in soil particle size, porosity, and permeability, collectively contribute to straining in flow through soil media. Our results suggest that SWNTs of comparable properties to those used in the present study will not exhibit substantial transport and infiltration in soils because of effective retention by the soil matrix.
机译：纳米材料的生产和商业使用的增加，加上缺乏管理其处置的法规，可能导致其进入土壤，并最终进入地下水系统。在这项研究中，我们调查了羧基官能化的单壁碳纳米管（SWNTs）在填充天然土壤的色谱柱中的传输行为。通常，SWNT的沉积（过滤）速率随溶液离子强度的增加而增加，其中二价阳离子（Ca〜（2+））比单价阳离子（K〜+）更有效地增加SWNT保留。但是，单价和二价阳离子浓度范围很广（0.03至100 mM）上的SWNT沉积速率相对较高，仅在0.3 mM KCl或0.1 mM CaCl_2之上略有变化。相比之下，另一种工程碳基纳米材料的过滤，即水性富勒烯（C_（60））纳米颗粒（半径为51 nm），对溶液离子强度更敏感，与SWNTs相比，在土壤中的沉积速率更低，运输更有效。 。这些观察结果表明，在本研究中研究的所有溶液化学作用下，物理应变控制着SWNT的过滤和运输。提出SWNT的形状和结构，特别是非常大的长径比及其在水溶液中的高度束缚（聚集）状态，以及土壤粒径，孔隙度和渗透性的异质性，共同导致流经土壤的应变媒体。我们的结果表明，由于土壤基质的有效保留，与本研究中使用的碳纳米管具有可比性的单壁碳纳米管不会在土壤中显示出大量的运输和渗透。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第24期|9161-9166|共6页
  • 作者

    DEB P. JAISI; MENACHEM ELIMELECH;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8109;

    Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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