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Characterizing Attribute Distributions in Water Sediments by Geostatistical Downscaling

机译：通过地统计缩小法表征水沉积物中的属性分布

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摘要

Information about attributes such as contaminant concentrations or hydraulic properties in benthic sediments is typically obtained in core sections of varying lengths, and only the average value is measured in each section. However, an estimate of the attribute distribution at a uniform spatial resolution is often required for site characterization and the design of appropriate risk-based remediation alternatives. Because attributes exhibit spatial autocorrelation, geostatistical methods have become an essential tool for estimating their spatial distribution. The purpose of this paper is to optimally infer the spatial distribution of sampled attributes at a uniform resolution from fluvial core sampling data, using a downscaling technique formulated as a geostatistical inverse problem. We compare geostatistical downscaling to the more traditional approach of point-to-point ordinary kriging for a hypothetical case study, and for total organic carbon observations from the Passaic River, New Jersey. Although frequently used to interpolate measurements, ordinary kriging is shown not to be able to estimate the spatial distribution of attributes accurately, because this approach assumes that data are sampled at a uniform resolution. Geostatistical downscaling, on the other hand, is shown to resolve this problem by explicitly accounting for the relationship between the known average measurements and the unknown fine-resolution attribute distribution to be estimated.
机译：通常在不同长度的岩心部分获得有关底栖沉积物中污染物浓度或水力性质等属性的信息，并且每个部分仅测量平均值。但是，通常需要以统一的空间分辨率估算属性分布，以进行站点表征和设计适当的基于风险的补救措施。由于属性表现出空间自相关，因此地统计方法已成为估计其空间分布的重要工具。本文的目的是使用简化的地统计学反演技术，从河流核心采样数据中以统一的分辨率最优地推断采样属性的空间分布。对于一个假设的案例研究，以及从新泽西州Passaic河获得的总有机碳观测值，我们将地统计学的缩减规模与点对点普通克里金法的更传统方法进行了比较。尽管通常用于对测量值进行插值，但是普通克里金法不能显示出能够准确估计属性的空间分布的信息，因为该方法假设数据是以统一的分辨率采样的。另一方面，地统计缩小显示了通过明确考虑已知平均测量值与待估计的未知精细分辨率属性分布之间的关系来解决此问题。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第24期|9267-9273|共7页
  • 作者

    YUNTAO ZHOU; ANNA M. MICHALAK;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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