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Trends in Concentrations and Use of Agricultural Herbicides for Com Belt Rivers, 1996-2006

机译：1996-2006年Com Belt河沿岸农业除草剂的浓度和使用趋势

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摘要

Trends in the concentrations and agricultural use of four herbicides (atrazine, acetochlor, metolachlor, and alachlorl were evaluated for major rivers of the Corn Belt for two partially overlapping time periods: 1996-2002 and 2000-2006. Trends were analyzed for 11 sites on the mainstems and selected tributaries in the Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Missouri River Basins. Concentration trends were determined using a parametric regression model designed for analyzing seasonal variability, flow-related variability, and trends in pesticide concentrations (SEAWAVE-Q). The SEAWAVE-Q model accounts for the effect of changing flow conditions in order to separate changes caused by hydrologic conditions from changes caused by other factors, such as pesticide use. Most of the trends in atrazine and acetochlor concentrations for both time periods were relatively small and nonsignificant, but metolachlor and alachlor were dominated by varying magnitudes of concentration downtrends. Overall, with trends expressed as a percent change per year, trends in herbicide concentrations were consistent with trends in agricultural use; 84 of 88 comparisons for different sites, herbicides, and time periods showed no significant difference between concentration trends and agricultural use trends. Results indicate that decreasing use appears to have been the primary cause for the concentration downtrends during 1996-2006 and that while there is some evidence that nonuse management factors may have reduced concentrations in some rivers, reliably evaluating the influence of these factors on pesticides in large streams and rivers will require improved, basin-specific information on both management practices and use over time.
机译：对玉米带主要河流在1996-2002年和2000-2006年这两个部分重叠的时间段内评估了四种除草剂（阿特拉津，乙草胺，异丙甲草胺和甲草胺）的浓度和农业使用趋势，并分析了11个站点上的趋势。俄亥俄州，密西西比河上游和密苏里河流域的主要干流和选定的支流，使用参数回归模型确定浓度趋势，该模型旨在分析季节性变化，流量相关的变化和农药浓度趋势（SEAWAVE-Q）。 -Q模型考虑了流量条件变化的影响，以便将水文条件引起的变化与其他因素（例如农药使用）引起的变化区分开来，两个时期内at去津和乙草胺浓度的大多数趋势相对较小且不显着，但异丙甲草胺和甲草胺的浓度下降趋势幅度不一。 ds以每年的变化百分比表示，除草剂浓度的趋势与农业使用的趋势一致；在88个针对不同地点，除草剂和时间段的比较中，有84个表明浓度趋势与农业使用趋势之间没有显着差异。结果表明，减少使用量似乎是1996-2006年期间浓度下降趋势的主要原因，并且尽管有证据表明一些河流中的非使用管理因素可能降低了浓度，但可以可靠地评估这些因素对大范围农药的影响。随着时间的流逝，河流和河流将需要有关流域管理和使用方法的，针对流域的改进信息。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第24期|9096-9102|共7页
  • 作者

    ALDO V. VECCHIA; ROBERT J. GILLIOM; DANIEL J. SULLIVAN; DAVID L. LORENZ; JEFFREY D. MARTIN;

  • 作者单位

    U.S. Geological Survey, 821 E. Interstate Avenue, Bismarck, North Dakota 58503;

    U.S. Geological Survey, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, California 95819;

    U.S. Geological Survey, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, Wisconsin 53562;

    U.S. Geological Survey, 2280 Woodale Drive, Mounds View, Minnesota 55112;

    U.S. Geological Survey, 5957 Lakeside Boulevard, Indianapolis, Indiana 46278;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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