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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Assay-Dependent Phytotoxicity of Nanoparticles to Plants
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Assay-Dependent Phytotoxicity of Nanoparticles to Plants

机译：纳米颗粒对植物的测定依赖性植物毒性

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摘要

The effects of five nanomaterials (multiwalled carbon nanotubes [MWCNTs], Ag, Cu, ZnO, Si) and their corresponding bulk counterparts on seed germination, root elongation, and biomass of Cucurbita pepo (zucchini) were investigated. The plants were grown in hydroponic solutions amended with nanoparticles or bulk material suspensions at 1000 mg/L Seed germination was unaffected by any of the treatments, but Cu nanoparticles reduced emerging root length by 77% and 64% relative to unamended controls and seeds exposed to bulk Cu powder, respectively. During a 15-day hydroponic trial, the biomass of plants exposed to MWCNTs and Ag nanoparticles was reduced by 60% and 75%, respectively, as compared to control plants and corresponding bulk carbon and Ag powder solutions. Although bulk Cu powder reduced biomass by 69%, Cu nanoparticle exposure resulted in 90% reduction relative to control plants. Both Ag and Cu ion controls (1-1000 mg/L) and supernatant from centrifuged nanoparticle solutions (1000 mg/ L) indicate that half the observed phytotoxicity is from the elemental nanopa nicies themselves. The biomassand transpiration volume of zucchini exposed to Ag nanoparticles or bulk powder at 0-1000 mg/mL for 17 days was measured. Exposure to Ag nanoparticles at 500 and 100 mg/L resulted in 57% and 41% decreases in plant biomass and transpiration, respectively, as compared to controls or to plants exposed to bulk Ag. On average, zucchini shoots exposed to Ag nanoparticles contained 4.7 greater Ag concentration than did the plants from the corresponding bulk solutions. These findings demonstrate that standard phytotoxicity tests such as germination and root elongation may not be sensitive enough or appropriate when evaluating nanoparticle toxicity to terrestrial plant species.
机译：研究了五种纳米材料（多壁碳纳米管[MWCNTs]，Ag，Cu，ZnO，Si）及其相应的本体对应物对南瓜（西葫芦）种子萌发，根系伸长和生物量的影响。使植物在以1000 mg / L的纳米粒子或散装材料悬浮液改良的水培溶液中生长。种子萌发不受任何处理的影响，但相对于未改良的对照和暴露于种子的Cu纳米粒子，其萌发根长减少77％和64％。散装铜粉。在为期15天的水耕试验中，与对照植物以及相应的散装碳粉和银粉溶液相比，暴露于MWCNTs和Ag纳米颗粒的植物的生物量分别减少了60％和75％。尽管散装的铜粉将生物量减少了69％，但与对照植物相比，铜纳米粒子的暴露导致减少了90％。 Ag和Cu离子对照（1-1000 mg / L）以及离心的纳米颗粒溶液的上清液（1000 mg / L）均表明，所观察到的植物毒性的一半来自元素纳米颗粒本身。测量了暴露于Ag纳米颗粒或散装粉末在0-1000 mg / mL下17天的西葫芦的生物量和蒸腾量。与对照或暴露于大量Ag的植物相比，暴露于500和100 mg / L的Ag纳米颗粒分别导致植物生物量和蒸腾量减少57％和41％。平均而言，暴露于Ag纳米颗粒的西葫芦芽所含的Ag浓度比相应的整体溶液中的植物高4.7倍。这些发现表明，在评估纳米粒子对陆生植物物种的毒性时，标准的植物毒性测试（例如发芽和根伸长）可能不够灵敏或不适当。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第24期|9473-9479|共7页
  • 作者

    DIMITRIOS STAMPOULIS; SAION K. SINHA; JASON C. WHITE;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, West Haven, Connecticut 06516;

    Department of Physics, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, West Haven, Connecticut 06516;

    Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06504;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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