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Life Cycle Assessment of an Ionic Liquid versus Molecular Solvents and Their Applications

机译：离子液体与分子溶剂的生命周期评估及其应用

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Ionic liquids (ILs) have been claimed as "greener" replacements to molecular solvents. However, the environmental impacts of the life cycle phases and comparison with alternative methods have not been studied. Such a life cycle assessment (LCA) is essential before any legitimate claims of "greenness" can be made and is the subject of this paper. The model IL selected is 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF_4) and its use as a solvent for the manufacture of cyclohexane and in a Diels-Alder reaction was assessed. These uses are compared with more conventional synthesis methods. The results indicate that processes that use IL are highly likely to have a larger life cycle environmental impact than more conventional methods. Sensitivity analysis shows that the result is robust to errors and variation in the data. For cyclohexane synthesis, the industrial gas phase process is the greenest, but the three solvents compared for the Diels—Alder reaction showed comparable life cycle impact. Although ILs are not the most attractive alternatives, the result may change if their separation efficiency, stability and recyclability are improved. Because there are many kinds of ILs, with many applications, two examples are not enough to reach any general conclusions about the greenness of all ILs. However, the life cycle data and approach of this study can be used for evaluating the greenness of more kinds of solvents, processes, and emerging technologies.
机译：离子液体（IL）被认为是分子溶剂的“绿色”替代品。但是，尚未研究生命周期阶段的环境影响以及与替代方法的比较。这样的生命周期评估（LCA）在做出任何有关“绿色”的合理主张之前至关重要，并且是本文的主题。选择的模型IL是1-丁基-3-甲基-咪唑鎓四氟硼酸酯（[Bmim] [BF_4），并评估了其在生产环己烷中的溶剂和Diels-Alder反应中的用途。将这些用途与更常规的合成方法进行了比较。结果表明，与更传统的方法相比，使用IL的过程极有可能对生命周期的环境产生更大的影响。敏感性分析表明，该结果对于数据中的错误和变化具有鲁棒性。对于环己烷合成，工业气相工艺是最绿色的，但是与Diels-Alder反应相比，三种溶剂显示出可比的生命周期影响。尽管IL并不是最吸引人的替代方案，但如果提高其分离效率，稳定性和可回收性，结果可能会改变。由于IL种类繁多，应用广泛，因此两个示例不足以得出有关所有IL的绿色度的任何一般性结论。但是，本研究的生命周期数据和方法可用于评估更多种溶剂，工艺和新兴技术的绿色程度。

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