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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Reductive Dissolution of Pu(IV) by Clostridium sp. Under Anaerobic Conditions
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Reductive Dissolution of Pu(IV) by Clostridium sp. Under Anaerobic Conditions

机译：梭状芽孢杆菌还原性溶解Pu（IV）。在无氧条件下

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An anaerobic, gram positive, spore-forming bacterium Clostridium sp., common in soils and wastes, capable of reduction of Fe(Ⅲ) to Fe(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅳ) to Mn(Ⅱ), Tc(Ⅶ) to Tc(Ⅳ), and U(Ⅵ) to U(Ⅳ), reduced Pu(Ⅳ) to Pu(Ⅲ). Addition of ~(242)Pu (Ⅳ)-nitrate to the bacterial growth medium at pH 6.4 resulted in the precipitation of Pu as amorphous Pu(OH)_4 due to hydrolysis and polymerization reactions. The Pu (1 × 10~(-5) M) had no effect upon growth of the bacterium as evidenced by glucose consumption; carbon dioxide and hydrogen production; a decrease in pH of the medium from 6.4 to 3.0 due to production of acetic and butyric acids from glucose fermentation; and a change in the Eh of the culture medium from +50 to -180 mV. Commensurate with bacterial growth, Pu was rapidly solubilized as evidenced by an increase in Pu concentration in solution which passed through a 0.03 μm filtration. Selective solvent extraction of the culture by thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) indicated the presence of a reduced Pu species in the soluble fraction. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopic (XANES) analysis of Pu in the culture sample at the Pu L_(Ⅲ) absorption edge (18.054 keV) showed a shift of -3 eV compared to a Pu(Ⅳ) standard indicating reduction of Pu(Ⅳ) to Pu(Ⅲ). These results suggest that, although Pu generally exists as insoluble Pu(Ⅳ) in the environment, under appropriate conditions, anaerobic microbial activity could affect the long-term stability and mobility of Pu by its reductive dissolution.
机译：一种厌氧，革兰氏阳性，能形成孢子的细菌，在土壤和废物中都很常见，能够将Fe（Ⅲ）还原为Fe（Ⅱ），Mn（Ⅳ）还原为Mn（Ⅱ），将Tc（Ⅶ）还原为Tc （Ⅳ），以及将U（Ⅵ）还原为U（Ⅳ），将Pu（Ⅳ）还原为Pu（Ⅲ）。在pH 6.4下向细菌生长培养基中添加〜（242）Pu（Ⅳ）-硝酸盐，由于水解和聚合反应，导致Pu沉淀为无定形Pu（OH）_4。葡萄糖消耗表明，Pu（1×10〜（-5）M）对细菌的生长没有影响。二氧化碳和氢气的产生；由于葡萄糖发酵产生乙酸和丁酸，培养基的pH从6.4降低到3.0；培养基的Eh从+50变为-180 mV。与细菌生长相对应的是，Pu迅速溶解，这可以通过通过0.03μm过滤的溶液中Pu浓度的增加来证明。壬基三氟丙酮（TTA）对培养物的选择性溶剂萃取表明可溶级分中存在还原的Pu物种。培养样品中Pu L_（Ⅲ）吸收边缘（18.054 keV）的X射线近边缘光谱（XANES）分析表明，与Pu（Ⅳ）标准相比，Pu（Ⅳ）的位移为-3 eV，表明Pu（ Ⅳ）至Pu（Ⅲ）。这些结果表明，尽管Pu在环境中通常以不溶性Pu（Ⅳ）的形式存在，但在适当的条件下，厌氧微生物的活性可能会通过其还原溶解而影响Pu的长期稳定性和迁移性。

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