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Source Apportionment and Spatial Distributions of Coarse Particles During the Regional Air Pollution Study

机译：区域空气污染研究中粗颗粒物的源分配和空间分布

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摘要

To identify the coarse particle sources and to estimate the variability in their contributions to coarse particle mass (CPM) concentrations across the St. Louis metropolitan area, positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to historic ambient coarse particle compositional data from 10 Regional Air Pollution Study/Regional Air Monitoring System (RAPS/RAMS) monitoring sites in St Louis. Coarse particles in this study had aerodynamic sizes between 2.4 and 20 μm. The sources were qualitatively identified, and the source contributions were quantitatively estimated. Nine sources were identified for 8 of the 10 sampling sites (except rural sites 122 and 124) including soil, cement kiln/quarry, iron and steel, motor vehicle, incinerator, pigment plant primary/secondary lead smelter, zinc smelter, and copper production, respectively. At site 122, five sources were identified as soil, cement kiln/quarry, motor vehicle, incinerator, and zinc smelter. At site 124, six sources were identified as soil, cement kiln/quarry, motor vehicle, incinerator, primary/secondary lead smelter, and zinc smelter. Soil was the largest coarse particle source across the study area (6.15 μg/m~3, 29.3%). Cement kiln/quarry, iron and steel, and motor vehicle sources were the other large contributions to the coarse particles mass (5.27 μg/m~3, 25.1%; 3.53 μg/m~3, 16.8%; 2.72 μg/m~3,12.9%). The results of this study suggest there can be significant potential for exposure misclassification in time-series epidemiologic studies when regressing health outcomes against source contributions if they were to be estimated at a single central monitoring site.
机译：为了识别粗颗粒物来源并评估其对整个圣路易斯市区粗颗粒质量（CPM）浓度的贡献的变化性，正矩阵分解（PMF）被应用于来自10个区域性空气污染的历史环境粗颗粒成分数据圣路易斯的研究/区域空气监视系统（RAPS / RAMS）监视站点。在这项研究中，粗颗粒的空气动力学尺寸在2.4至20μm之间。定性确定来源，并对来源贡献进行定量估计。在10个采样点中有8个被识别出9个来源（农村地区122和124除外），包括土壤，水泥窑/采石场，钢铁，机动车辆，焚化炉，色素工厂一级/二级铅冶炼厂，锌冶炼厂和铜生产， 分别。在站点122，确定了五个来源，分别是土壤，水泥窑/采石场，机动车，焚化炉和炼锌厂。在地点124，确定了六个来源，分别是土壤，水泥窑/采石场，机动车，焚化炉，主要/次要铅冶炼厂和锌冶炼厂。土壤是研究区域内最大的粗颗粒物来源（6.15μg/ m〜3，29.3％）。水泥窑/采石场，钢铁和机动车来源是造成粗颗粒质量的另一个主要因素（5.27μg/ m〜3，25.1％; 3.53μg/ m〜3，16.8％; 2.72μg/ m〜3 ，12.9％）。这项研究的结果表明，如果将健康结果与来源贡献进行回归（如果要在单个中央监测点进行估算），则在时间序列流行病学研究中可能存在暴露错误分类的巨大潜力。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2008年第10期|p.3524-3530|共7页
  • 作者

    INJO HWANG; PHILIP K. HOPKE; JOSEPH P. PINTO;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5708 and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 环境化学;
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