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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Sediment Record and Atmospheric Deposition off Brominated Flame Retardants and OrganochlorineCompounds in Lake Thun, Switzerland: Lessons from the Past and Evaluation of the Present
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Sediment Record and Atmospheric Deposition off Brominated Flame Retardants and OrganochlorineCompounds in Lake Thun, Switzerland: Lessons from the Past and Evaluation of the Present

机译：瑞士图恩湖溴化阻燃剂和有机氯化合物的沉积记录和大气沉积：过去的经验教训和现在的评价

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摘要

Chronology of brominated fame retardants (BFRs), a class of currently widely used chemicals, was compared to the respective historical profiles of legacy organochlorine compounds in three dated sediment cores from a prealpine lake (Lake Thun, Switzerland). Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) started to increase in the 1980s-1990s. In the more recent sediment layers, PBDEs still had steady or increasing concentrations, whereas for HBCDs one sediment core revealed a decreasing trend. In contrast to the contemporary BFRs, concentrations of legacy organochlorines, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), and dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), peaked in deeper sediment layers deposited some decades ago. Measurements of atmospheric deposition and evaluation of wastewater discharges point toward deposition on the lake surface as a relevant input pathway and wastewater as a minor source of POPs in Lake Thun. The effect of the environmental awareness and the regulations taken in the 1970s to reduce environmental pollution of organochlorines is well reflected in the analyzed sediment cores. The sediment burden closely follows estimated time trends of consumption and emission of PCBs and DDT. The current residues in sediment of BFRs are still lower than the historical peak levels of organochlorines. However, current atmospheric deposition of BFRs is similar to deposition of PCBs. Considering the high amount of BFRs presently stocked in the anthroposphere in flame proofed materials, further measures to reduce emissions during BFRs life cycle are recommended to prevent high environmental pollution as it occurred for the organochlorine compounds.
机译：将溴化阻燃剂（BFR）（一种目前广泛使用的化学物质）的年表与来自高山湖泊（瑞士图恩）的三个陈旧沉积岩芯中传统有机氯化合物的各自历史特征进行了比较。在1980年代至1990年代，多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和六溴环十二烷（HBCD）的浓度开始增加。在较新的沉积层中，多溴二苯醚的浓度仍保持稳定或增加，而六溴环十二烷的一个沉积核显示出下降的趋势。与当代的溴化阻燃剂相反，传统有机氯（例如多氯联苯（PCB），多氯萘（PCN）和二氯二苯基三氯乙烷（DDT））的浓度在数十年前沉积的较深沉积层中达到峰值。大气沉积物的测量和废水排放的评估表明，在湖表面的沉积物是相关的输入途径，而废水则是图恩湖中POPs的次要来源。分析的沉积物岩心很好地反映了环境意识和1970年代为减少有机氯的环境污染所采取的法规的影响。沉积物负担紧随多氯联苯和滴滴涕消耗和排放的估计时间趋势。 BFRs沉积物中的当前残留物仍低于有机氯的历史峰值水平。但是，当前BFR的大气沉积类似于PCB的沉积。考虑到目前人类在防火材料中存有大量的溴化阻燃剂，建议进一步采取措施减少溴化阻燃剂在生命周期内的排放，以防止有机氯化合物对环境的严重污染。

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