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17β-Estradiol-Degrading Bacteria Isolated from Activated Sludge

机译：从活性污泥中分离出17β-雌二醇降解细菌

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Fourteen phylogenetically diverse 17β-estradiol-degrading bacteria (strains KC1-14) were isolated from activated sludge of a wastewater treatment plant. These isolates widely distributed among eight different genera - Aminobacter (strains KC6 and KC7), Brevundimonas (strain KC12), Escherichia (strain KC13), Flavobacterium (strain KC1), Microbacterium (strain KC5), Nocardioides (strain KC3), Rhodococcus (strain KC4), and Sphingomonas (strains KC8 - KC11 and KC14) - of three Phyla: Proteobacteria, Actino-bacteria, and Bacteroidetes. All 14 isolates were capable of converting 17β-estradiol to estrone, but only three strains (strains KC6, KC7, and KC8) showed the ability to degrade estrone. Only strain KC8 could use 17β-estradiol as a sole carbon source. Based on the degree of estrogens being transformed and the estrogenicity of metabolites and/or end products of estrogen degradation, three different degradation patterns (patterns A-C) were observed from degradation tests using resting cells. Eleven out of 14 isolates showed degradation pattern A, where 17/3-estradiol was stoichiometrically converted to estrone. Estrone was confirmed to be a degradation product of 17β-estradiol; however, estrone was not further degraded during the course of experiments. Strains KC6 and KC7 exhibited degradation pattern B, where both17β-estradiol and estrone were degraded, with slower 17β-estradiol degradation rates than those observed in pattern A. Strain KC8 was the only strain exhibited degradation pattern C, where 17/3-estradiol and estrone were rapidly degraded within 3 days. No residual 17β-estradiol and estrone or estrogenic activity was detected after 5 days, suggesting that strain KC8 could degrade 17β-estradiol into nonestrogenic metabolites/end products. Strains KC6-8 exhibited nonspecific monooxygenase activity but not nonspecific dioxygenase activity. However, the relationship between nonspecific monooxygenase activity and its estrogen degradation ability was unclear.
机译：从废水处理厂的活性污泥中分离出14种系统发育不同的17β-雌二醇降解细菌（菌株KC1-14）。这些分离株广泛分布在八个不同属中-氨基杆菌属（菌株KC6和KC7），短杆菌属（菌株KC12），大肠埃希氏菌（菌株KC13），黄杆菌属（菌株KC1），微细菌（菌株KC5），诺卡氏菌（菌株KC3），红球菌（菌株（KC4）和鞘氨醇单胞菌（KC8-KC11和KC14菌株）-三种Phyla：变形杆菌，放线菌和拟杆菌。所有14个分离株都能够将17β-雌二醇转化为雌酮，但是只有3个菌株（菌株KC6，KC7和KC8）显示出降解雌酮的能力。只有菌株KC8可以使用17β-雌二醇作为唯一的碳源。基于雌激素的转化程度和代谢产物和/或雌激素降解终产物的雌激素性，使用静息细胞通过降解测试观察到了三种不同的降解模式（模式A-C）。 14个分离物中的11个显示出降解模式A，其中17 / 3-雌二醇化学计量转化为雌酮。确认雌酮为17β-雌二醇的降解产物。然而，雌酮在实验过程中并未进一步降解。菌株KC6和KC7表现出降解模式B，其中17β-雌二醇和雌酮均降解，而17β-雌二醇的降解速率比模式A中观察到的慢。菌株KC8是唯一表现出降解模式C的菌株，其中17 / 3-雌二醇和雌酮在3天内迅速降解。 5天后未检测到残留的17β-雌二醇和雌酮活性或雌激素活性，表明菌株KC8可将17β-雌二醇降解为非雌激素代谢产物/终产物。菌株KC6-8表现出非特异性单加氧酶活性，但没有非特异性双加氧酶活性。然而，非特异性单加氧酶活性与其雌激素降解能力之间的关系尚不清楚。

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