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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Brominated flame retardants in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, the Canadian Arctic, East Greenland, and Svalbard
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Brominated flame retardants in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, the Canadian Arctic, East Greenland, and Svalbard

机译：来自阿拉斯加，加拿大北极圈，东格陵兰岛和斯瓦尔巴特群岛的北极熊中的溴化阻燃剂

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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were determined in adipose tissue of adult and subadult female polar bears sampled between 1999 and 2002 from sub-populations in Arctic Canada, eastern Greenland, and Svalbard, and in males and females collected from 1994 to 2002 in northwestern Alaska. Only 4 congeners (BDE47, 99, 100, and 153) were consistently identified in all samples. BDE47 was the major PBDE congener representing from 65% to 82% of the sum (E) PBDEs. Age was not a significant covariate for individual PBDEs or Sigma PBDE. Higher proportions of BDE 99, 100, and 153 were generally found in samples from the Canadian Arctic than from Svalbard or the Bering-Chukchi Sea area of Alaska. Geometric mean Sigma PBDE concentrations were highest for female polar bear fat samples collected from Svalbard (50 ng/g lipid weight (lw)) and East Greenland (70 ng/g lw). Significantly lower Sigma PBDE concentrations were found in fat of bears from Canada and Alaska (means ranging from 7.6 to 22 ng/g lw).For the entire dataset, Sigma PBDE concentrations were correlated with Sigma PCBs. Higher total hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) concentrations were found in fat of bears from Greenland and Svalbard than in those from Alaska. The geographical trends for PBDEs and HBCD parallel those for PCBs implying similar source regions for long range transport to the Arctic and bioaccumulation pathways in the arctic marine food web. All four major PBDE congeners were found to biomagnify from ringed seals to polar bears. BDE153 showed the greatest (71 x) biornagnification factors (BMFs) and, on average, had a BMF that was 5.5-fold higher than for PCB congener 153 (13x) but similar to PCB congener 194 (73x), indicating that it is a highly bioaccumulative compound.
机译：多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）是在1999年至2002年之间从北极加拿大，格陵兰东部和斯瓦尔巴特群岛的亚种群中以及1994年至2002年在阿拉斯加西北部采集的雄性和雌性北极熊的脂肪组织中测定的。 。在所有样品中，仅一致地鉴定出4个同类物（BDE47、99、100和153）。 BDE47是主要的PBDE同类物，占总（E）PBDEs的65％至82％。年龄不是单个多溴二苯醚或西格玛多溴二苯醚的显着协变量。在加拿大北极地区的样本中发现的BDE 99、100和153的比例通常高于斯瓦尔巴特群岛或阿拉斯加的白令-楚科奇海地区。从斯瓦尔巴特群岛（50 ng / g脂质重量（lw））和东格陵兰岛（70 ng / g lw）收集的雌性北极熊脂肪样品中，几何平均Sigma PBDE浓度最高。在加拿大和阿拉斯加的熊脂肪中发现的Sigma PBDE浓度明显较低（平均范围为7.6至22 ng / g lw）。在整个数据集中，Sigma PBDE的浓度与Sigma PCBs相关。发现格陵兰和斯瓦尔巴特群岛的熊的脂肪中六溴环十二烷（HBCD）的总浓度高于阿拉斯加的熊。多溴联苯醚和六溴环十二烷的地理趋势与多氯联苯的地理趋势相似，这意味着向北极远距离运输和北极海洋食物网中生物富集途径的相似来源区域。发现所有四种主要的多溴二苯醚同系物都可以从环状海豹到北极熊进行生物放大。 BDE153具有最大的生物放大因子（71 x），平均而言，其BMF比PCB同类产品153（13x）高5.5倍，但与PCB同类产品194（73x）相似，表明它是一种具有高生物蓄积性的化合物。

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