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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >High temporal resolution oxygen imaging in bioirrigated sediments
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High temporal resolution oxygen imaging in bioirrigated sediments

机译：生物灌溉沉积物中的高时间分辨率氧气成像

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摘要

A technique is presented for temporal characterization of the bioirrigation activity of benthic macrofauna and for quantitative estimation of its effects on the oxygen exchange between the sediment and the overlying water. The technique is based on high temporal resolution (15-30 s) oxygen imaging aided by a planar oxygen optode and can be applied under laboratory and field conditions, both freshwater and marine. It allows direct observation of the complex 2D oxygen dynamics in the sediment around the burrow while the animal dwells undisturbed in its natural environment. The conditions to which the animal is exposed can easily be controlled or manipulated. Chironomus plumosus, widely distributed freshwater insect larvae, were used in a case study. Their bioirrigation activity was divided into a random succession of pumping intervals (duration 5.4 +/- 1.7 min) and rest periods (duration 9.2 +/- 5.8 min). The burrow ventilation resulted in a highly variable volume of the oxygenated sediment surrounding the burrow and the associated sedimentary oxygen uptake rate through the burrow wall (OUB), both changing dramatically within minutes. Their variability was higher in a burrow under construction than around a stationary burrow. The average OUB rate (similar to 0.15 mu mol O-2 h(-1)), when translated into a time-averaged O-2 flux across the burrow wall, constituted approximately 64% of the stationary diffusive oxygen flux measured at the sediment-water interface (similar to 0.9 mmol O-2 m(-2) h(-1)).
机译：提出了一种技术，用于对底栖大型动物的生物灌溉活动进行时间特征分析，并定量评估其对沉积物与上覆水之间的氧交换的影响。该技术基于借助平面氧气光电二极管的高时间分辨率（15-30 s）氧气成像，可以在淡水和海洋的实验室和野外条件下应用。它可以直接观察洞穴周围沉积物中复杂的二维氧动力学，而动物则可以在自然环境中不受干扰地居住。可以容易地控制或操纵动物所处的条件。案例研究使用了分布广泛的淡水昆虫幼虫Chironomus plumosus。他们的生物灌溉活动分为随机的抽水间隔（持续时间5.4 +/- 1.7分钟）和休息时间（持续时间9.2 +/- 5.8分钟）。洞穴通风导致洞穴周围的含氧沉积物体积变化很大，并且通过洞穴壁（OUB）的相关沉积氧吸收率在数分钟内发生了巨大变化。在施工中的洞穴中，它们的变异性高于在固定洞穴中的变异性。当转换为穿过洞穴壁的时间平均O-2通量时，平均OUB速率（类似于0.15μmol O-2 h（-1））大约占沉积物测得的固定扩散氧气通量的64％ -水界面（类似于0.9 mmol O-2 m（-2）h（-1））。

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