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Predicting uncertainty in the ecotoxicological assessment of solid waste leachates

机译：预测固体垃圾渗滤液的生态毒理学评估中的不确定性

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摘要

Environmental managers need suitable technological methods to use in optimization studies to improve management of hazardous waste. One of the challenges to achieving a reliable hazardous waste classification is the improvement of procedures used for the ecotoxicological characterization of solid waste leachates. Indeed, this step requires data that meet levels of acceptable quality if scientifically based decisions are to be made. In this study, we illustrate how the variability associated with the successive steps of a procedure used to assess ecotoxicological hazard of solid waste (i.e., primary sampling, laboratory sampling, toxicity measurements) can contribute to the overall variability of the ecotoxicity results. To this end, a municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash and a slag from a second smelting of lead were studied using a nested experimental design. The results showed that the waste sampling design is of major importance for limiting the final variability of toxicity test parameters. At the opposite, increasing the number of replicates at the toxicity test level has negligible impact on this variability. Our approach could be of great practical interest in ecotoxicological studies not only for ensuring a safe classification for these materials, but also for improving sampling protocols and facilitating less time-consuming and less expensive ecotoxicological evaluations.
机译：环境管理人员需要在优化研究中使用合适的技术方法，以改善危险废物的管理。实现可靠的危险废物分类的挑战之一是改进用于固体废物渗滤液的生态毒理学表征的程序。实际上，如果要做出基于科学的决策，则此步骤需要满足可接受质量水平的数据。在这项研究中，我们说明了与用于评估固体废物的生态毒理危害的程序的后续步骤相关的可变性（即初次采样，实验室采样，毒性测量）如何有助于生态毒性结果的整体可变性。为此，使用嵌套实验设计研究了城市固体废物焚化炉底灰和第二次炼铅产生的炉渣。结果表明，废物采样设计对于限制毒性测试参数的最终可变性至关重要。相反，在毒性测试水平上增加重复次数对这种变异性的影响可忽略不计。我们的方法在生态毒理学研究中可能具有巨大的实践意义，不仅可以确保对这些材料进行安全分类，而且可以改善采样方案并简化耗时且昂贵的生态毒理学评估。

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