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Quantifying the availability of clay surfaces in soils for adsorption of nitrocyanobenzene and diuron

机译：量化土壤中土壤表面吸附硝基氰基苯和杜伦的有效性

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Coverage of clay surfaces by soil organic matter (SOM) may limit the efficacy of the soil mineral fractions for adsorption of organic contaminants and pesticides. Two methods were scrutinized for quantitatively assessing the availability of clay surfaces in a smectitic Webster A-horizon soil for sorption of p-nitrocyanobenzene (p-NCB) and diuron. One method, described previously, involves the summation of independent contributions of SOM and swelling clays to sorption of organic solutes. For this method, several assumptions must be made and/ or procedural difficulties overcome in the determination of certain terms in the equation proposed for calculating the fractional availability of mineral surfaces (f(a)). To alleviate the methodological limitations, we developed an alternative approach for determining f(a). Good agreement between f(a) values was obtained from both methods for p-NCB but not diuron. For p-NCB sorption, f(a) values varied between 0.55 and 0.71. For diuron sorption, our alternative equation estimated f(a) values varied between 0.41 and 0.61; the other approach yielded negative values. The results demonstrate that SOM does reduce the availability of clay surfaces, hence, suppressing sorption by the Webster A-horizon soil. Our newly developed method provides more reasonable estimates of the availability of soil-clay surfaces for sorption than an earlier published approach.
机译：土壤有机物（SOM）覆盖粘土表面可能会限制土壤矿物级分吸附有机污染物和农药的功效。仔细研究了两种方法，以定量评估近晶片韦伯斯特A-水平土壤中对硝基硝基苯（p-NCB）和敌草隆的吸附性。先前描述的一种方法涉及SOM和溶胀粘土对有机溶质吸附的独立贡献的总和。对于这种方法，必须确定一些假设和/或克服在确定用于计算矿物表面的分数有效性（f（a））的方程式中确定某些术语时的程序困难。为了减轻方法的局限性，我们开发了另一种确定f（a）的方法。从p-NCB的两种方法获得f（a）值之间的良好一致性，但不是diuron。对于p-NCB吸附，f（a）值在0.55和0.71之间变化。对于diuron吸附，我们的替代方程估计的f（a）值在0.41和0.61之间变化；另一种方法产生负值。结果表明，SOM确实减少了粘土表面的可利用性，因此抑制了韦伯斯特A型地平线土壤的吸附。与较早发表的方法相比，我们新开发的方法可以更合理地估算土壤粘土表面的吸附能力。

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