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Tropospheric phosphine and its sources in coastal Antarctica

机译：南极沿海对流层磷化氢及其来源

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Earlier reports show very low concentrations of phosphine in remote air of the lower troposphere of nonpolar regions, in the low ng m(-3) range during the night and in the pg m(-3) range during daylight around noon. In this study, abnormally and unexpectedly high phosphine concentrations (30.0-407.8 ng m(-3), 11 locations) were found in polar air samples collected on Millor Peninsula, eastern Antarctica and Fildes Peninsula, western Antarctica. The maximum concentration was measured in the atmosphere of penguin colonies. Field phosphine emission rates from four colonies were 8.99 ng m(-2) h(-1) (skua colony), 9.56 ng m(-2) h(-1) (gentoo penguin colony), 39.96 ng m(-2) h(-1) (seal colony) and 63.58 ng m(-2) h(-1) (empire penguin colony), respectively. Our air sampling sites are located downwind of two large penguin colonies, indicating that penguin colony emission is the predominant source for atmospheric PH3 on Millor Peninsula. Laboratory scale incubation of ornithogenic soils amended by penguin guanos yielded a maximum PH3 production rate of 0.58 ng kg(-1) d(-1) specifically at low temperature (4 degrees C). Significant concentrations of phosphine occur in the atmosphere of coastal Antarctica and confirm the existence of a small gaseous link in the phosphorus cycle of the Antarctic tundra ecosystem.
机译：较早的报告显示，非极性区域对流层下部的偏远空气中的磷化氢浓度非常低，在夜间处于ng m（-3）的低范围内，在中午白天则处于pg m（-3）的范围内。在这项研究中，在南极东部的米洛半岛和南极西部的菲尔德斯半岛收集的极地空气样本中发现了异常且出乎意料的高磷化氢浓度（30.0-407.8 ng m（-3），11个位置）。在企鹅菌落的大气中测量最大浓度。来自四个菌落的现场磷化氢排放速率为8.99 ng m（-2）h（-1）（贼鸥菌落），9.56 ng m（-2）h（-1）（gentoo企鹅菌落），39.96 ng m（-2） h（-1）（密封菌落）和63.58 ng m（-2）h（-1）（帝国企鹅菌落）。我们的空气采样点位于两个大型企鹅群落的下风，这表明企鹅群落的排放是米勒半岛大气中PH3的主要来源。实验室规模的鸟粪改良的鸟粪土的孵化产生了最大的PH3产生速率，为0.58 ng kg（-1）d（-1），特别是在低温（4摄氏度）下。在南极沿海地区的大气中存在大量的磷化氢，这证实了南极苔原生态系统的磷循环中存在小的气态连接。

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