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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Aggregation kinetics of kaolinite-fulvic acid colloids as affected by the sorption of Cu and Pb
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Aggregation kinetics of kaolinite-fulvic acid colloids as affected by the sorption of Cu and Pb

机译：高岭石-富里酸胶体的聚集动力学受铜和铅吸附的影响

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摘要

Aggregation kinetics of kaolinite-fulvic acid colloids, as influenced by two strongly sorbing trace metal cations,Cu(II) and Pb(II), was investigated by time-resolved dynamic laser light scattering experiments. The effects of Cu and Pb on the aggregation rate and electrophoretic mobility were compared with that of Ca, another major divalent metal cation which is less strongly adsorbed. Kaolinite-fulvic acid suspensions (in 0.01 M NaNO3 at pH 4 and pH 6) were spiked with solutions containing Cu, Pb, or Ca to give total divalent cation concentrations between 10(-5) and 8 x 10(-3) M. The concentration of kaolinite was varied between 25 and 200 mg L-1, while the concentration of fulvic acid ranged from 0.15 to 1.2 mg L-1. The mass ratio of kaolinite to fulvic acid was kept constant at 500:3 in all experiments. Relative aggregation rates, expressed as attachment efficiency alpha, were determined from linear increases in average hydrodynamic radius with time during the first 5-8 min of the aggregation experiments, always starting with a well-dispersed suspension at time zero. The corresponding slope for fast aggregation (alpha = 1) was measured for pure kaolinite suspended in 0.01 M NaNO3 at pH 4. Addition of fulvic acid to the suspensions completely inhibited kaolinite aggregation at pH 4 and pH 6. Additions of Cu, Pb, and Ca resulted in strongly increased aggregation rates of the kaolinite-fulvic acid particles. The potential of the three cations to enhance aggregation of the kaolinite-fulvic acid colloids increased in the order Ca < Cu less than or equal to Pb. At pH 4, the relationship between particle electrophoretic mobility and aggregation rate was the same for all three divalent metal cations. In the presence of Ca, an increase in pH from 4 to 6 resulted in decreased aggregation rates. However, in the presence of Cu or Pb, the opposite trend was observed and the relationship between electrophoretic mobility and aggregation rate was different than at pH 4. The effects of Cu, Pb, and Ca on the aggregation rates of kaolinite-fulvic acid colloids are explained by the different sorption behavior of the three divalent metal cations.
机译：通过时间分辨动态激光散射实验研究了受两种强吸附痕量金属阳离子Cu（II）和Pb（II）影响的高岭石-富里夫酸胶体的聚集动力学。比较了Cu和Pb对聚集速率和电泳迁移率的影响，以及与Ca的比较，Ca是另一种吸附力较弱的主要二价金属阳离子。将高岭石-富叶酸悬浮液（在pH 4和pH 6的0.01 M NaNO3中）掺入含有Cu，Pb或Ca的溶液，以使总二价阳离子浓度在10（-5）和8 x 10（-3）M之间。高岭石的浓度在25至200 mg L-1之间变化，而富叶酸的浓度在0.15至1.2 mg L-1之间变化。在所有实验中，高岭石与黄腐酸的质量比保持恒定在500：3。相对聚集率，表示为附着效率α，是通过在聚集实验的前5-8分钟内平均流体动力学半径随时间线性增加而确定的，始终从零时的分散良好的悬浮液开始。测量了在pH 4下悬浮在0.01 M NaNO3中的纯高岭石的快速聚集（alpha = 1）的相应斜率。向该悬浮液中添加黄腐酸在pH 4和pH 6时完全抑制了高岭石的聚集。 Ca导致高岭土-富叶酸颗粒的聚集速率大大提高。三种阳离子增强高岭石-富勒酸胶体聚集的潜力按Ca

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