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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Size and composition of airborne particles from pavement wear, tires, and traction sanding
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Size and composition of airborne particles from pavement wear, tires, and traction sanding

机译：路面磨损，轮胎和牵引打磨产生的空气传播颗粒的大小和组成

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摘要

Mineral matter is an important component of airborne particles in urban areas. In northern cities of the world, mineral matter dominates PM10 during spring because of enhanced road abrasion caused by the use of antiskid methods, including studded tires and traction sanding. In this study, factors that affect formation of abrasion components of springtime road dust were assessed. Effects of traction sanding and tires on concentrations, mass size distribution, and composition of the particles were studied in a test facility. Lowest particle concentrations were observed in tests without traction sanding. The concentrations increased when traction sand was introduced and continued to increase as a function of the amount of aggregate dispersed. Emissions were additionally affected by type of tire, properties of traction sand aggregate, and driving speed. Aggregates with high fragmentation resistance and coarse grain size distribution had the lowest emissions. Over 90% of PM10 was mineral particles. Mineralogy of the dust and source apportionment showed that they originated from both traction sand and pavement aggregates. The remaining portion was mostly carbonaceous and originated from tires and road bitumen. Mass size distributions were dominated by coarse particles. Contribution of fine and submicron size ranges were approximately 15 and 10% in PM10, respectively.
机译：矿物质是城市地区空气传播颗粒的重要组成部分。在世界北部城市，由于使用防滑钉轮胎和牵引式打磨等防滑方法导致路面磨损加剧，春季春季矿物质占主导地位。在这项研究中，评估了影响春季道路扬尘磨损成分形成的因素。在测试设备中研究了牵引打磨和轮胎对浓度，质量分布和颗粒组成的影响。在没有牵引打磨的测试中观察到最低的颗粒浓度。当引入牵引砂时，浓度增加，并且随着分散的骨料量的增加而持续增加。排放还受到轮胎类型，牵引砂骨料的性质和行驶速度的影响。具有高抗碎裂性和粗粒度分布的骨料排放最低。 PM10中90％以上是矿物颗粒。尘土矿物学和源解析表明，它们起源于牵引​​砂和路面集料。其余部分大部分是碳质的，起源于轮胎和公路沥青。质量尺寸分布以粗颗粒为主。在PM10中，精细和亚微米尺寸范围的贡献分别约为15％和10％。

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