...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Degradation of biological weapons agents in the environment: Implications for terrorism response
【24h】

Degradation of biological weapons agents in the environment: Implications for terrorism response

机译：环境中生物武器代理商的退化：对恐怖主义应对的影响

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

We investigate the impact on effective terrorism response of the viability degradation of biological weapons agents in the environment. We briefly review the scientific understanding and modeling of agent environmental viability degradation. In general, agent susceptibility to viability loss is greatest for vegetative bacteria, intermediate for viruses, and least for bacterial spores. Survival is greatest in soil and progressively decreases in the following environments: textiles, water, hard surfaces, and air. There is little detailed understanding of loss mechanisms. We analyze the time behavior and sensitivity of four mathematical models that are used to represent environmental viability degradation (the exponential, probability, and first- and second-order catastrophic decay models). The models behave similarly at short times (< 30 min for our example case) but diverge to significantly different values at intermediate to long times. Hence, for a release event in which the majority of atmospheric exposure or deposition occurs over very short times,the current response models likely provide a good representation of the hazard. For longer time phenomena, including decontamination, the current model capabilities are likely insufficient. Finally, we implement each model in a simple numerical integration of anthrax dispersion, viability degradation, and dose response. Decay models spanning the current knowledge of airborne degradation result in vastly different predicted hazard areas. This confounds attempts to determine necessary medical and decontamination measures. Hence,the current level of understanding and representation of environmental viability degradation in response models is inadequate to inform appropriate emergency response measures.
机译：我们调查了环境中生物武器制剂的生存能力退化对有效的恐怖主义反应的影响。我们简要回顾了代理商环境生存能力退化的科学理解和建模。通常，对于营养细菌，药剂对活力丧失的敏感性最大，对于病毒来说是中间体，对于细菌孢子则最小。在土壤中的存活率最高，在以下环境中会逐渐减少：纺织品，水，坚硬的表面和空气。对损失机制的了解很少。我们分析了用于表示环境生存能力下降的四个数学模型（指数模型，概率模型以及一阶和二阶灾难性衰减模型）的时间行为和敏感性。这些模型在短时间内（在我们的示例中为<30分钟）表现相似，但在中到长时会出现明显不同的值。因此，对于大多数大气暴露或沉积发生在很短时间内的释放事件，当前的响应模型可能很好地表示了危害。对于较长时间的现象，包括去污，当前的模型功能可能不足。最后，我们在炭疽扩散，生存能力下降和剂量反应的简单数值积分中实现每个模型。衰变模型跨越了当前的空气传播降解知识，导致预测的危险区域大不相同。这混淆了确定必要的医疗和净化措施的尝试。因此，当前对响应模型中环境生存能力下降的理解和表示水平不足以告知适当的应急措施。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2005年第8期|p. 2736-2743|共8页
  • 作者

    Stuart AL; Wilkening DA;

  • 作者单位

    Univ S Florida, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 环境化学;
  • 关键词

    ANTHRAX; MANAGEMENT;

    机译：ANTHRAX;管理;

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号