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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Record of metal workshops in peat deposits: History and environmental impact on the Mont Lozere Massif, France
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Record of metal workshops in peat deposits: History and environmental impact on the Mont Lozere Massif, France

机译：泥炭沉积金属车间的记录：历史和对法国Mont Lozere Massif的环境影响

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This study aims to document the history of the metallurgical activities on the Mont Lozere massif in the Cevennes Mountains in Southern France. Many medieval sites of metallurgical wastes (slags) have been reported on the massif. These sites are thought to represent ancient lead workshops. The impact of past metallurgical activity on the environment was studied using geochemical and palynological techniques on a core collected in the Narses Mortes peatland near medieval smelting area. Two main periods of smelting activities during the last 2200 years were revealed by the lead concentration and isotopic composition along the core profile: the first period corresponds to the Gallic period (similar to ca. 300 B.C. to ca. 20 A.D.) and the second one to the Medieval period (similar to ca. 1000-1300 A.D.). Forest disturbances are associated with lead anomalies for the two metallurgical activities described. The impact of the first metallurgy was moderate during the Gallic period, during which beech and birch were the tree species most affected. The second period corresponds to the observed slag present in the field. Along with agropastoral activities, the medieval smelting activities led to the definitive disappearance of all tree species on the summit zones of Mont Lozbre. The abundance of ore resources and the earlier presence of wood on the massif justify the presence of workshops at this place. The relationship between mines and ores has been documented for the Medieval period. There is no archaeological proof concerning the Gallic activity. Nevertheless, 2500-2100 years ago, the borders of the Gallic Tribe territory, named the Gabales, were the same as the present-day borders of the Lozbre department. Julius Caesar reported the existence of this tribe in 58 B.C. in "De Bello Gallico", and in Strabon (Book IV, 2.2) the "Gabales silver" and a "treasure of Gabales" are mentioned, but to this day, they have not been found.
机译：这项研究旨在记录法国南部塞文山脉的Mont Lozere地块的冶金活动历史。在地块上已经报道了许多中世纪的冶金废料（矿渣）。这些遗址被认为代表着古代的铅工坊。使用地球化学和孢粉学技术，对中世纪冶炼区附近的Narses Mortes泥炭地收集的岩心进行了过去的冶金活动对环境的影响研究。沿核心剖面的铅浓度和同位素组成揭示了过去2200年中的两个主要冶炼活动时期：第一个时期对应于高卢时期（类似于大约公元前300年至大约20 AD），第二个时期对应于高卢时期。到中世纪时期（类似于公元1000-1300年）。森林扰动与上述两种冶金活动的铅异常有关。在高卢时期，第一次冶金的影响是中等的，在此期间，山毛榉和桦树是受影响最大的树种。第二时段对应于现场中观察到的炉渣。除了农牧业活动外，中世纪的冶炼活动还导致Mont Lozbre峰顶地区所有树木的确定消失。大量的矿石资源和地块上较早的木材存在证明了在此地点开设工场的合理性。中世纪时期已记录了矿山与矿石之间的关系。没有有关高卢活动的考古证据。不过，在2500-2100年前，高卢部落地区的边界（称为加巴列斯）与当今的Lozbre部门边界相同。朱利叶斯·凯撒（Julius Caesar）报告说，该部落存在于公元前58年。在《德贝洛美术馆》中，在Strabon（第四册，第2.2卷）中，提到了“加巴莱斯银”和“加巴利宝藏”，但至今仍未找到它们。

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