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Review of factors affecting microbial survival in groundwater

机译：影响地下水微生物存活率的因素综述

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摘要

This review quantitatively examines a number of published studies that evaluated survival and inactivation of public-health-related microorganisms in groundwater. Information from reviewed literature is used to express microbial inactivation in terms of log(10) decline per day for comparison to other studies and organisms. The geometric mean value for inactivation rates for coliphage, poliovirus, echovirus, coliform bacteria, enterococci, and Salmonella spp. were similar at approximately 0.07-0.1 log(10) day(-1), while geometric mean inactivation rates for hepatitis A virus, coxsackievirus, and phage PRD-1 were somewhat less at 0.02-0.04 log(10) day(-1). Viruses show a temperature dependency with greater inactivation at greater temperatures; however this occurs largely at temperatures greater than 20 degrees C. Coliform bacteria dieoff in groundwater does not show the temperature dependency that viruses show, likely indicating a complex interplay of inactivation and reproduction subject to influences from native groundwater organisms, temperature, and water chemistry. The presence of native microorganisms seems to negatively impact E coli survival more so than viruses, but in most cases, nonsterile conditions led to a greater inactivation for viruses also. The effect of attachment to solid surfaces appears to be virus-type-dependent, with PRD-1 more rapidly inactivated as a result of attachment and hepatitis A and poliovirus survival prolonged when attached.
机译：这篇评论定量审查了许多发表的研究，这些研究评估了地下水中与公共卫生相关的微生物的存活和灭活。与其他研究和生物相比，回顾文献中的信息用于表示每天灭活量减少10的log（10）。噬菌体，脊髓灰质炎病毒，回声病毒，大肠菌，肠球菌和沙门氏菌灭活率的几何平均值。在大约0.07-0.1 log（10）day（-1）时相似，而甲型肝炎病毒，柯萨奇病毒和噬菌体PRD-1的几何平均灭活率在0.02-0.04 log（10）day（-1）时要小一些。病毒表现出温度依赖性，在更高的温度下会失活。但是，这种情况大部分发生在温度高于20摄氏度的情况下。地下水中大肠菌的死亡并未显示病毒所表现出的温度依赖性，这可能表明灭活和繁殖之间复杂的相互作用，受天然地下水生物，温度和水化学的影响。天然微生物的存在似乎比病毒更不利地影响大肠杆菌的存活，但是在大多数情况下，非无菌条件也会导致更大的病毒灭活率。附着到固体表面的效果似乎是病毒类型依赖性的，由于附着导致PRD-1失活更快，并且附着时甲型肝炎和脊髓灰质炎病毒的存活时间延长。

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