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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Combined Application of Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis and Specific Metabolites Determination for Assessing In Situ Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in a Tar Oil-Contaminated Aquifer
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Combined Application of Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis and Specific Metabolites Determination for Assessing In Situ Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in a Tar Oil-Contaminated Aquifer

机译：稳定碳同位素分析和特定代谢物测定的联合应用，用于评估焦油污染含水层中芳烃的原位降解

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To evaluate the intrinsic bioremediation potential in an anoxic tar oil-contaminated aquifer at a former gasworks site, groundwater samples were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) and signature metabolites analysis (SMA). 13{sup left}C/12{sup left}C fractionation data revealed conclusive evidence for in situ biodegradation of benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m/p-xylene, naphthalene, and 1-methylnaphthalene. In laboratory growth studies, 13{sup left}C/12{sup left}C isotope enrichmentfactors for anaerobic degradation of naphthalene (∈ = -1.1 ± 0.4) and 2-methylnaphthalene (∈ = -0.9 ± 0.1) were determined with the sulfate-reducing enrichment culture N47, which was isolated from the investigated test site. On the basis of these and other laboratory-derived enrichment factors from the literature, in situ biodegradation could be quantified for toluene, o-xylene, m/p-xylene, and naphthalene. Stable carbon isotope fractionation in the field was also observed for ethylbenzene, 2-methylnaphthalene, and benzothiophene but without providing conclusive results. Further evidence for the in situ turnover of individual BTEX compounds was provided by the presence of acetophenone, o-toluic acid, and/Moluic acid, three intermediates in the anaerobic degradation of ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and p-xylene, respectively. A number of groundwater samples also contained naphthyl-2-methylsuc-cinic acid, a metabolite that is highly specific for the anaerobic degradation of 2-methylnaphthalene. Additional metabolites that provided evidence on the anaerobic in situ degradation of naphthalenes were 1-naphthoic acid, 2-naphthoic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthoic acid, and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthoic acid. 2-Carboxybenzothiophene, 5-carboxybenzothiophene, a putative further carboxyben-zothiophene isomer, and the reduced derivative dihy-drocarboxybenzothiophene indicated the anaerobic conversion of the heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzothiophene. The combined application of CSIA and SMA, as two reliable and independent tools to collect direct evidence on intrinsic bioremediation, leads to a substantially improved evaluation of natural attenuation in situ.
机译：为了评估在以前的煤气厂现场被缺氧焦油污染的含水层中固有的生物修复潜力，通过化合物特异性同位素分析（CSIA）和特征代谢物分析（SMA）定性和定量分析了地下水样品。 13 C / 12 C分馏数据揭示了苯，甲苯，邻二甲苯，间/对二甲苯，萘和1-甲基萘的原位生物降解的确凿证据。在实验室生长研究中，用硫酸盐测定了萘（ε= -1.1±0.4）和2-甲基萘（ε= -0.9±0.1）的厌氧降解的13 {C} / C {12} C同位素富集因子。还原富集培养N47，从研究的测试站点分离。基于这些和其他实验室衍生的富集因子，可以对甲苯，邻二甲苯，间/对二甲苯和萘的原位生物降解进行定量。对于乙苯，2-甲基萘和苯并噻吩，在该领域也观察到了稳定的碳同位素分馏，但未提供结论性结果。苯乙酮，邻甲苯甲酸和/甲苯甲酸是乙苯，邻二甲苯和对二甲苯厌氧降解的三种中间体，它们的存在提供了单独的BTEX化合物就地转化的进一步证据。许多地下水样品中还含有萘基-2-甲基蔗糖酸，这是一种对2-甲基萘的厌氧降解具有高度特异性的代谢产物。为萘的厌氧原位降解提供证据的其他代谢产物是1-萘甲酸，2-萘甲酸，1,2,3,4-四氢萘甲酸和5,6,7,8-四氢萘甲酸。 2-羧基苯并噻吩，5-羧基苯并噻吩，推定的进一步的羧基苯并-噻吩基异构体和还原的衍生物二氢-羧基羧基苯并噻吩表明了杂环芳烃苯并噻吩的厌氧转化。 CSIA和SMA的组合应用，作为收集内在生物修复的直接证据的两个可靠且独立的工具，大大改善了原位自然衰减的评估。

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