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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Chemical Forms of Mercury and Cadmium Accumulated in Marine Mammals and Seabirds as Determined by XAFS Analysis
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Chemical Forms of Mercury and Cadmium Accumulated in Marine Mammals and Seabirds as Determined by XAFS Analysis

机译：XAFS分析法测定海洋哺乳动物和海鸟中汞和镉的化学形态

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摘要

Marine mammals and seabirds tend to exhibit high accumulations of mercury, cadmium, and selenium in their livers and kidneys. In this study, chemical forms of mercury, cadmium, and selenium accumulated in the livers and kidneys of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), and black-footed albatross (Diomedea nigripes) were studied by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to reveal the detoxification mechanisms of these metals. It was found that mercury and selenium exist in the form of HgSe in the liver of northern fur seal. Mercury levels were found to be higher than those of Se, based on their molar ratio, in black-footed albatross. XAFS analysis disclosed an existence of chalcogenide containing both Hg-Se and the Hg-S bonds, suggesting the existence of a solid solution Hg(Se, S) as granules in black-footed albatross. In contrast, Cd concentrations in the kidney were higher than those in the liver for northern fur seal, black-footed albatross, and Risso's dolphin. It was found that Cd was bound to sulfur, which was probably derived from the metallothionein. The Cd-O bond was observed in the tissues of northern fur seal.
机译：海洋哺乳动物和海鸟往往在其肝脏和肾脏中表现出大量的汞，镉和硒积累。在这项研究中，通过扩展X-射线研究了在北部海狗（Callorhinus ursinus），里索海豚（Grampus griseus）和黑脚信天翁（Diomedea nigripes）的肝脏和肾脏中积累的汞，镉和硒的化学形式。射线吸收精细结构（EXAFS）光谱揭示了这些金属的解毒机理。发现在北部海狗的肝脏中汞和硒以HgSe的形式存在。基于它们的摩尔比，发现黑脚信天翁中的汞含量高于硒。 XAFS分析揭示了同时含有Hg-Se和Hg-S键的硫属元素化物的存在，表明在黑脚信天翁中存在颗粒状固溶体Hg（Se，S）。相反，对于北部海狗，黑脚信天翁和里索的海豚，肾脏中的Cd浓度高于肝脏中的Cd浓度。发现镉与硫结合，硫可能来自金属硫蛋白。在北部海狗的组织中观察到Cd-O键。

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