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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Dry Deposition of Semivolatile Organic Compounds to Lake Michigan
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Dry Deposition of Semivolatile Organic Compounds to Lake Michigan

机译：将半挥发性有机化合物干法沉积到密歇根湖

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The Lake Michigan Urban Air Toxics Study (LMUATS) was carried out from July 8 to August 9, 1991, in the southern Lake Michigan basin. The investigation was the first aimed at assessing the impact of the Chicago/Gary urban plume on the deposition of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) to Lake Michigan. The concentrations of a large number of semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) were measured at four locations (Kankakee, IL; Chicago, IL; over Lake Michigan onboard the R/V Laurentian; and South Haven, Ml). These sites were chosen as they are often linked by air mass transport with air masses reaching South Haven, after passing through Chicago, often having an over-water path to the downwind site. The University of Michigan R/V Laurentian was also deployed off-shore of Chicago to measure the concentrations of HAPs as they were transported out over the water. A hybrid-receptor deposition (HRD) modeling approach, which utilized measured atmospheric concentrations at a receptor site together with observed meteorological data in a lagrangian dispersion modeling framework, was used to estimate both gas exchange across the air—water interface and particle dry deposition of SOCs to Lake Michigan. The atmospheric concentrations of selected pesticides, PCBs, and PAHs measured during the LMUATS were used as input to the HRD model. The comparison between the measured and calculated ambient concentrations gives reasonable results with measured/calculated concentration ratios in the range of 0.3—1.9 for pesticides, 0.9-2.6 for PCBs, and 0.5-3.8 for PAHs. A comparison of deposition fluxes obtained in this study with those found in literature reveals large differences for some compounds, especially for those that are primarily in the particle phase. This finding suggests that assuming constant values of critical parameters controlling the transfer processes of gaseous and particulate SOCs from the atmosphere to the water surface may result in estimates with large uncertainties.
机译：密歇根湖城市空气毒理学研究（LMUATS）于1991年7月8日至8月9日在密歇根湖南部盆地进行。这项调查是首次旨在评估芝加哥/加里市区羽流对向密歇根湖沉积有害空气污染物（HAP）的影响。在四个位置（伊利诺伊州坎卡基；伊利诺伊州芝加哥； R / V Laurentian船上的密歇根湖上和密歇根州南黑文）测量了大量半挥发性有机化合物（SOC）的浓度。之所以选择这些站点，是因为它们通常通过空中运输与经过芝加哥之后到达南黑文的气团联系在一起，通常有一条通向下风站点的水上路径。密歇根大学劳伦森分校也被部署在芝加哥的海上，以测量HAP在水上运出时的浓度。一种混合受体沉积（HRD）建模方法，该方法利用在受体位置处测得的大气浓度以及在拉格朗日色散建模框架中观察到的气象数据，来估计跨空气-水界面的气体交换和颗粒干沉降。 SOC到密歇根湖。在LMUATS期间测量的选定农药，PCB和PAH的大气浓度用作HRD模型的输入。测量和计算的环境浓度之间的比较给出了合理的结果，农药的测量/计算浓度比在0.3-1.9，PCBs在0.9-2.6和PAHs在0.5-3.8的范围内。本研究中获得的沉积通量与文献中发现的沉积通量的比较表明，某些化合物（尤其是主要位于颗粒相中的那些）存在较大差异。该发现表明，假设控制气态和颗粒状SOC从大气到水面的转移过程的关键参数的恒定值可能会导致估计值具有较大的不确定性。

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