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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >URBAN AND AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDE INPUTS TO A CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE THREATENED DELTA SMELT (HYPOMESUS TRANSPACIFICUS)
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URBAN AND AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDE INPUTS TO A CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE THREATENED DELTA SMELT (HYPOMESUS TRANSPACIFICUS)

机译：城市和农业杀虫剂输入对危及生境的三角洲重金属（HYPOMESUS TRANSPACIFICUS）

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摘要

The Cache Slough complex is an area of tidal sloughs in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta of California (USA), and is surrounding by irrigated agricultural lands. Among the species of concern in the area is the delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), a federally listed threatened species. Releases of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos and pyrethroid insecticides were examined to determine whether they represented a threat to the copepods on which delta smelt feed (Eurytemora affinis and Pseudodiaptomus forbesi) and to aquatic life in general, represented by the standard testing organism, Hyalella azteca. There was a single incident of toxicity to H. azteca as a result of discharge of agricultural irrigation water containing chlorpyrifos. Pyrethroids were not found in samples collected during the dry season. Following rain events, however, the waters of western Cache Slough repeatedly became toxic to H. azteca because of the pyrethroids bifenthrin and cyhalothrin. The 96-h median lethal concentrations (LC50s) for E. affinis and P. forbesi for the pyrethroids bifenthrin and cyhalothrin were 16.7 ng/L to 19.4 ng/L when tested at 20 ℃. However, their LC50s may be 5 mg/L to 10 ng/L at in situ temperatures of the Cache Slough, comparable to the peak bifenthrin concentration observed. The dominant pyrethroid source appeared to be urban runoff entering a creek 21 km upstream of Cache Slough. Pyrethroids of urban origin were supplemented by agricultural inputs of pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos as the creek flowed toward Cache Slough.
机译：Cache Slough复合体是加利福尼亚州萨克拉曼多-圣华金河三角洲（美国）的潮汐泥沼地区，周围是灌溉农田。该地区关注的物种之一是三角洲冶炼（Hypomesus transpacificus），一种联邦政府列出的濒危物种。检查了有机磷酸盐杀虫剂毒死rif和拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的释放，以确定它们是否对以三角洲为食的E足类（Eurytemora affinis和Pseudodiaptomus forbesi）和对水生生物构成威胁，以标准测试生物Hyalella azteca为代表。由于排放了含有毒死rif的农业灌溉用水，单次对阿兹台克人产生了毒性。在干燥季节收集的样品中未发现拟除虫菊酯。然而，在下雨之后，由于拟除虫菊酯联苯菊酯和氯氟氰菊酯，西部卡什斯劳的水对阿兹台克人有毒。在20℃进行检测时，拟除虫菊酯联苯菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯的亲和菌和福氏杆菌的96小时致死浓度中位数（LC50）为16.7 ng / L至19.4 ng / L。但是，在Cache Slough的原位温度下，其LC50可能为5 mg / L至10 ng / L，与观察到的联苯菊酯峰值浓度相当。拟除虫菊酯的主要来源似乎是城市径流，进入Cache Slough上游21 km的一条小河。当小溪流向Cache Slough时，拟除虫菊酯和毒死rif的农业投入补充了城市起源的拟除虫菊酯。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental toxicology and chemistry》 |2014年第4期|920-929|共10页
  • 作者

    Donald P. Weston; Aundrea M. Asbell; Sarah A. Lesmeister; Swee J. Teh; Michael J. Lydy;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA;

    Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA;

    Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA;

    Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA;

    Fisheries and Illinois Aquaculture Center and Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Pyrethroids; Bifenthrin; Urban runoff; Delta smelt; Hyalella azteca;

    机译：拟除虫菊酯;联苯菊酯;城市径流;三角洲冶炼;透明质酸丝;

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