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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >PHYTOTOXICITY OF TRACE METALS IN SPIKED AND FIELD-CONTAMINATED SOILS: LINKING SOIL-EXTRACTABLE METALS WITH TOXICITY
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PHYTOTOXICITY OF TRACE METALS IN SPIKED AND FIELD-CONTAMINATED SOILS: LINKING SOIL-EXTRACTABLE METALS WITH TOXICITY

机译：残留和田间土壤中微量金属的植物毒性：将土壤可萃取金属与毒性联系在一起

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摘要

Soil tests have been widely developed to predict trace metal uptake by plants. The prediction of metal toxicity, however, has rarely been tested. The present study was set up to compare 8 established soil tests for diagnosing phytotoxicity in contaminated soils. Nine soils contaminated with Zn or Cu by metal mining, smelting, or processing were collected. Uncontaminated reference soils with similar soil properties were sampled, and series of increasing contamination were created by mixing each with the corresponding soil. In addition, each reference soil was spiked with either ZnCl_2 or CuCl_2 at several concentrations. Total metal toxicity to barley seedling growth in the field-contaminated soils was up to 30 times lower than that in corresponding spiked soils. Total metal (aqua regia-soluble) toxicity thresholds of 50% effective concentrations (EC50) varied by factors up to 260 (Zn) or 6 (Cu) among soils. For Zn, variations in EC50 thresholds decreased as aqua regia ＞ 0.43 M HNO_3 ＞ 0.05 M ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ＞ 1 M NH_4NO_3 ＞ cobaltihex-amine ＞ diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) ＞ 0.001 M CaCl_2, suggesting that the last extraction is the most robust phytotoxicity index for Zn. The EDTA extraction was the most robust for Cu-contaminated soils. The isotopically exchangeable fraction of the total soil metal in the field-contaminated soils markedly explained the lower toxicity compared with spiked soils. The isotope exchange method can be used to translate soil metal limits derived from soils spiked with metal salts to site-specific soil metal limits.
机译：土壤测试已被广泛开发以预测植物对痕量金属的吸收。然而，金属毒性的预测很少得到检验。本研究的建立是为了比较8种已建立的土壤测试方法，以诊断受污染土壤中的植物毒性。收集了九种因金属开采，冶炼或加工而被Zn或Cu污染的土壤。对具有相似土壤特性的未污染参考土壤进行采样，并通过将每种土壤与相应土壤混合来创建一系列增加的污染。此外，每种参考土壤都掺有几种浓度的ZnCl_2或CuCl_2。在田间污染的土壤中，金属对大麦幼苗生长的总毒性比相应的加标土壤低多达30倍。在土壤中，总金属（可溶于王水）的毒性阈值为50％有效浓度（EC50），变化系数高达260（Zn）或6（Cu）。对于锌，随着王水＞ 0.43 M HNO_3＞ 0.05 M乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）＞ 1 M NH_4NO_3＞钴己胺＞薄膜中的扩散梯度（DGT）＞ 0.001 M CaCl_2，EC50阈值的变化减小。提取是对锌最强的植物毒性指数。 EDTA萃取对于被铜污染的土壤最坚固。在现场污染的土壤中，总土壤金属的同位素可交换部分明显说明了与加标土壤相比，毒性较低。同位素交换法可用于将源自掺有金属盐的土壤的土壤金属极限转化为特定地点的土壤金属极限。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental toxicology and chemistry》 |2014年第11期|2479-2487|共9页
  • 作者

    Fanny Hamels; Jasmina Maleve; Philippe Sonnet; Dan Berggren Kleja; Erik Smolders;

  • 作者单位

    Division of Soil and Water Management, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Leuven, Belgium;

    Division of Soil and Water Management, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Leuven, Belgium;

    Earth and Life Institute, Universite catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;

    Swedish Geotechnical Institute, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;

    Division of Soil and Water Management, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Leuven, Belgium;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Ecological risk assessment; Bioavailability; Field-contaminated soil; Isotopic exchange; Biotic ligand model;

    机译：生态风险评估;生物利用度;被田地污染的土壤;同位素交换;生物配体模型;

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