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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >COMBINED AND INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND TOXICANTS ON POPULATIONS AND COMMUNITIES
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COMBINED AND INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND TOXICANTS ON POPULATIONS AND COMMUNITIES

机译：全球气候变化和毒物对人口和社区的综合和互动影响

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Increased temperature and other environmental effects of global climate change (GCC) have documented impacts on many species (e.g., polar bears, amphibians, coral reefs) as well as on ecosystem processes and species interactions (e.g., the timing of predator-prey interactions). A challenge for ecotoxicologists is to predict how joint effects of climatic stress and toxicants measured at the individual level (e.g., reduced survival and reproduction) will be manifested at the population level (e.g., population growth rate, extinction risk) and community level (e.g., species richness, food-web structure). The authors discuss how population- and community-level responses to toxicants under GCC are likely to be influenced by various ecological mechanisms. Stress due to GCC may reduce the potential for resistance to and recovery from toxicant exposure. Long-term toxicant exposure can result in acquired tolerance to this stressor at the population or community level, but an associated cost of tolerance may be the reduced potential for tolerance to subsequent climatic stress (or vice versa). Moreover, GCC can induce large-scale shifts in community composition, which may affect the vulnerability of communities to other stressors. Ecological modeling based on species traits (representing life-history traits, population vulnerability, sensitivity to toxicants, and sensitivity to climate change) can be a promising approach for predicting combined impacts of GCC and toxicants on populations and communities.
机译：温度升高和全球气候变化（GCC）的其他环境影响已证明对许多物种（例如北极熊，两栖动物，珊瑚礁）以及生态系统过程和物种相互作用（例如掠食者与猎物相互作用的时间）产生影响。 。生态毒理学家面临的挑战是预测在个体水平（例如，人口增长率，灭绝风险）和社区水平（例如，个体水平）下气候压力和毒物的联合效应（例如，降低的生存和繁殖）将如何体现。 ，物种丰富度，食物网结构）。作者讨论了海湾合作委员会下人口和社区一级对有毒物质的反应如何受到各种生态机制的影响。由于GCC引起的压力可能会降低对有毒物质暴露的抵抗力和恢复潜力。长期接触毒物可能导致在人群或社区一级对该压力源获得耐受性，但是相关的耐受性成本可能是降低了对后续气候压力的耐受性（反之亦然）。此外，海湾合作委员会可以引起社区组成的大规模转变，这可能会影响社区对其他压力源的脆弱性。基于物种特征（代表生命历史特征，种群脆弱性，对毒物的敏感性以及对气候变化的敏感性）的生态模型可以成为预测海湾合作委员会和有毒物质对人口和社区的综合影响的有前途的方法。

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