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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >TOXICITY AND METAL BIO ACCUMULATION IN HORDEUM VULGARE EXPOSED TO LEACHED AND NONLEACHED COPPER AMENDED SOILS
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TOXICITY AND METAL BIO ACCUMULATION IN HORDEUM VULGARE EXPOSED TO LEACHED AND NONLEACHED COPPER AMENDED SOILS

机译：浸出和未浸出的铜改性土壤对大麦的毒性和金属生物富集

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Soil leaching has been proposed as a way to reduce soil-spiking artifacts (i.e., increased acidity, metal solubility) that occur in soils amended with trace metal salts. Leaching metal-spiked samples prior to ecotoxicity testing is therefore expected to reduce toxicity; however, leaching not only removes excess amounts of the trace metal being tested, but also reduces the concentrations of cations that could decrease the toxic effects of the metal of interest. To clarify these conflicting processes, the effects of leaching on toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cu, Ca, and AL were investigated using 14-d plant assays conducted on leached and nonleached, Cu-spiked soils. The median effective concentration (EC50) to root elongation ranged from 78 μg/g to 589 μg/g. Leaching was found to reduce toxicity by 1.2-fold to 2.1 -fold. The Cu~(2+) activity predicted toxicity better than root or shoot Cu concentrations, which were generally not affected by leaching. Plant uptake of Ca increased with increasing Cu dose in nonleached samples, which likely contributed to the hormesis-like response observed in these samples, whereas Ca uptake in the leached samples was more consistent with that of the control except at the largest Cu doses for which Ca uptake decreased. Surprisingly, Al uptake in the most acidic soil was greater in leached than nonleached samples, which may have contributed to the greater toxicity exhibited in this soil than was predicted by Cu~(2+) activity. These findings have implications for predicting trace metal toxicity in nutrient-stressed, acidic soils.
机译：已经提出了土壤浸提作为减少掺有微量金属盐的土壤中发生的土壤掺入假象（即增加的酸度，金属溶解性）的方法。因此，预计在生态毒性测试之前浸出金属标样可以降低毒性。然而，浸出不仅去除了过量的被测金属，而且降低了阳离子的浓度，而阳离子的浓度可能会降低目标金属的毒性作用。为了阐明这些矛盾的过程，使用浸出和未浸出的Cu掺加土壤进行14天植物分析，研究了浸出对Cu，Ca和AL毒性和生物积累的影响。根伸长的平均有效浓度（EC50）为78μg/ g至589μg/ g。发现浸出将毒性降低了1.2倍至2.1倍。 Cu〜（2+）活性比根或芽的Cu浓度更好地预测毒性，而后者通常不受浸提的影响。在非淋洗样品中，植物对Ca的吸收随Cu剂量的增加而增加，这很可能导致这些样品中观察到的兴奋剂样反应，而在沥滤样品中，Ca的吸收与对照相比更为一致，但最大剂量的Cu Ca摄取减少。出乎意料的是，淋溶样品中酸性最强的土壤中的铝摄入量高于未淋溶样品中的铝，这可能导致该土壤中显示出比Cu〜（2+）活性更高的毒性。这些发现对于预测在营养紧张的酸性土壤中的痕量金属毒性具有重要意义。

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