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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >A CLOSER LOOK AT BIOACCUMULATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON MIXTURES IN AQUATIC WORMS
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A CLOSER LOOK AT BIOACCUMULATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON MIXTURES IN AQUATIC WORMS

机译：水生动物中石油烃混合物生物富集的近距离观察

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摘要

Petroleum hydrocarbons (oils) are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, and adequate risk assessment is thus essential. Bioaccumulation plays a key role in risk assessment, but the current knowledge on bioaccumulation of oils is limited. Therefore, this process was studied in detail, using the aquatic worm, Lumbriculus variegatus, and 14 field-contaminated sediments. The main focus during the present study was on uptake kinetics, the relationship between oil boiling point fraction and uptake, and effects of sediment characteristics. Uptake kinetics became slower with increasing boiling point fraction, but 70 to 90% of the equilibrium situation was reached within the standard exposure duration of 28 d. Worms accumulated sedimentary petroleum hydrocarbons in the range of C_(10) to C~(34), a range much wider than expected. Biota-to-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) for separate boiling point fractions were constant and around the proposed value of 1 to 2 up to C_(22) but gradually decreased beyond this point. The decrease was probably caused by a combination of nonequilibrium conditions and enhanced sorption of higher boiling point fractions to sediments; the latter possibly due to the presence of strongly sorbing separate oil phases or black carbon. A negative relationship was observed between BSAF and oil concentration in sediment, which was explained by the presence of separate oil phases at high oil concentrations. These strongly sorbing phases may limit their own availability, particularly when being highly weathered; worms may also avoid them. The observed phenomena have obvious implications for bioaccumulation assessment of oils and suggest that the current risk assessment procedure for oils in sediments may lead to erroneous results.
机译：石油碳氢化合物（油）在水生环境中无处不在，因此充分的风险评估至关重要。生物蓄积在风险评估中起着关键作用，但是目前关于油脂生物蓄积的知识是有限的。因此，对这一过程进行了详细的研究，使用了水生蠕虫Lumbriculus variegatus和14种被场地污染的沉积物。本研究的主要重点是吸收动力学，油沸点分数与吸收之间的关系以及沉积物特征的影响。吸收动力学随着沸点分数的增加而变慢，但是在标准暴露时间28 d内达到了平衡状态的70％至90％。蠕虫在C_（10）到C〜（34）范围内积累了沉积石油碳氢化合物，范围比预期的要宽得多。单独的沸点馏分的生物-沉积物积累因子（BSAF）恒定且在建议值1到2之间，直到C_（22）为止，但逐渐降低。下降可能是由于非平衡条件和较高沸点馏分对沉积物的吸附增强所致；后者可能是由于强烈吸附单独的油相或黑碳的缘故。 BSAF与沉积物中的油浓度之间存在负相关关系，这可以通过在高油浓度下存在单独的油相来解释。这些强吸附相可能会限制其自身的可用性，尤其是在高度风化的情况下；蠕虫也可以避免它们。观察到的现象对油脂的生物蓄积性评估具有明显意义，并表明当前对沉积物中油脂的风险评估程序可能会导致错误的结果。

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