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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Subchronic Exposure Of Honeybees To Sublethal Doses Of Pesticides:effects On Behavior
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Subchronic Exposure Of Honeybees To Sublethal Doses Of Pesticides:effects On Behavior

机译：蜜蜂亚慢性暴露于亚致死剂量的农药中：对行为的影响

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Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effects on honeybee behavior of subiethal doses of insecticides chronically administered orally or by contact. Emergent honeybees received a daily dose of insecticide ranging from one-fifth to one-five-hundredth of the median lethal dose (LD50) during 11 d. After exposure to fipronil (0.1 and 0.01 ng/bee), acetamiprid (1 and 0.1 μg/bee), or thiamethoxarn (1 and 0.1 ng/bee), behavioral functions of honeybees were tested on day 12. Fipronil, used at the dose of 0.1 ng/bee, induced mortality of all honeybees after one week of treatment. As a result of contact treatment at 0.01 ng/bee, honeybees spent significantly more time immobile in an open-field apparatus and ingested significantly more water. In the olfactory conditioning paradigm, fipronil-treated honeybees failed to discriminate between a known and an unknown odorant. Thiamethoxam by contact induced either a significant decrease of olfactory memory 24 h after learning at 0.1 ng/bee or a significant impairment of learning performance with no effect on memory at 1 ng/bee. Responsiveness to antennal sucrose stimulation was significantly decreased for high sucrose concentrations in honeybees treated orally with thiamethoxam (1 ng/bee). The only significant effect of acetamiprid (administered orally, 0.1 μg/bee) was an increase in responsiveness to water. The neonicotinoids acetamiprid and thiamethoxam tested at the highest dose (one-tenth and one-fifth of their oral LD50, respectively) and fipronil at one-five-hundredth of LD50 have limited effects on the motor, sensory, and cognitive functions of the honeybee. Our data on the intrinsic toxicity of the compounds after chronic exposure have to be taken into account for evaluation of risk to honeybees in field conditions.
机译：进行了实验室生物测定法，以评估口服或接触长期施用的亚次剂量杀虫剂对蜜蜂行为的影响。紧急蜜蜂在11天期间每天接受的杀虫剂量为中位致死剂量（LD50）的五分之一至五分之一。暴露于氟虫腈（0.1和0.01 ng / bee），乙酰胺（1和0.1μg/ bee）或噻虫草（1和0.1 ng / bee）后，在第12天测试了蜜蜂的行为功能。 0.1 ng /只蜜蜂，治疗一周后诱导所有蜜蜂死亡。由于以0.01 ng /只蜜蜂进行接触处理，蜜蜂在开放式设备中花费的时间明显更多，并且摄入了更多的水。在嗅觉调理范式中，用氟虫腈处理的蜜蜂无法区分已知和未知的气味。通过接触引起的噻虫嗪在以0.1 ng / bee的学习后24 h引起嗅觉记忆的显着降低，或以1 ng / bee的学习性能显着损害而对记忆没有影响。在口服噻虫嗪（1 ng / bee）的蜜蜂中，高蔗糖浓度对触角蔗糖刺激的反应性明显降低。扑热息痛的唯一显着效果（口服，每只蜜蜂0.1μg）是对水的响应性增强。以最高剂量（分别为口服LD50的十分之一和五分之一）测试的新烟碱类扑热息痛和噻虫嗪和以LD50的五十分之一测试的氟虫腈对蜜蜂的运动，感觉和认知功能影响有限。在田间条件下评估蜜蜂风险时，必须考虑我们关于化合物长期暴露后固有毒性的数据。

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