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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMULATED EARTHWORM GUT FOR DETERMINING BIOACCESSIBLE ARSENIC, COPPER, AND ZINC FROM SOIL
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DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMULATED EARTHWORM GUT FOR DETERMINING BIOACCESSIBLE ARSENIC, COPPER, AND ZINC FROM SOIL

机译：一种用于测定土壤中可生物吸收的砷，铜和锌的模拟地球蠕虫的开发

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摘要

Soil physicochemical characteristics and contamination levels alter the bioavailability of metals to terrestrial invertebrates. Current laboratory-derived benchmark concentrations used to estimate risk do not take into account site-specific conditions, such as contaminant sequestration, and site-specific risk assessment requires a battery of time-consuming and costly toxicity tests. The development of an in vitro simulator for earthworm bioaccessibility would significantly shorten analytical time and enable site managers to focus on areas of greatest concern. The simulated earthworm gut (SEG) was developed to measure the bioaccessibility of metals in soil to earthworms by mimicking the gastrointestinal fluid composition of earthworms. Three formulations of the SEG (enzymes, microbial culture, enzymes and microbial culture) were developed and used to digest field soils from a former industrial site with varying physicochemical characteristics and contamination levels. Formulations containing enzymes released between two to 10 times more arsenic, copper, and zinc from contaminated soils compared with control and 0.01 M CaCl_2 extractions. Metal concentrations in extracts from SEG formulation with microbial culture alone were not different from values for chemical extractions. The mechanism for greater bioaccessible metal concentrations from enzyme-treated soils is uncertain, but it is postulated that enzymatic digestion of soil organic matter might release sequestered metal. The relevance of these SEG results will need validation through further comparison and correlation with bioaccumulation tests, alternative chemical extraction tests, and a battery of chronic toxicity tests with invertebrates and plants.
机译：土壤的理化特性和污染水平改变了金属对陆生无脊椎动物的生物利用度。当前用于估计风险的实验室得出的基准浓度未考虑特定地点的条件，例如污染物隔离，并且特定地点的风险评估需要一系列耗时且昂贵的毒性测试。开发用于bio生物可及性的体外模拟器将大大缩短分析时间，并使站点管理员能够将精力集中在最关注的领域。通过模拟g的胃肠液成分，开发了模拟earth肠（SEG）来测量土壤中金属对to的生物可及性。开发了SEG的三种配方（酶，微生物培养，酶和微生物培养），并用于消化前工业现场的田地土壤，这些土壤具有不同的理化特性和污染水平。与对照和0.01 M CaCl_2提取物相比，含有酶的制剂从受污染的土壤中释放出2到10倍的砷，铜和锌。仅采用微生物培养的SEG配方提取物中的金属浓度与化学提取值没有差异。从酶处理过的土壤中增加可生物利用的金属浓度的机制尚不确定，但据推测，土壤有机物的酶消化可能会释放出隔离的金属。这些SEG结果的相关性需要通过与生物蓄积性测试，替代性化学提取测试以及一系列无脊椎动物和植物的慢性毒性测试的进一步比较和关联进行验证。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental toxicology and chemistry》 |2009年第7期|1439-1446|共8页
  • 作者

    Wai K. MA; Ben A. Smith; Gladys L. Stephenson; Steven D. Siciliano;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada;

    Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada Stantec Consulting, Suite 1-70 Southgate Drive, Guelph, Ontario N1G 4P5, Canada;

    Stantec Consulting, Suite 1-70 Southgate Drive, Guelph, Ontario N1G 4P5, Canada;

    Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada Toxicology Group, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    bioaccessibility; bioavailability; eisenia; simulated earthworm gut;

    机译：生物可及性;生物利用度ise模拟earth肠;

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