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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >INFLUENCE OF NANOTUBE PREPARATION IN AQUATIC BIOASSAYS
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INFLUENCE OF NANOTUBE PREPARATION IN AQUATIC BIOASSAYS

机译：纳米管制备对水生生物测定的影响

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摘要

Knowledge gaps in nanomaterial fate and toxicity currently limit the ability of risk assessments to characterize the environmental implications of nanomaterials. This problem is further complicated by the lack of standardized characterization and preparation methodologies for researchers to gain the needed information to assist risk assessors. In the present study, data were generated to determine if multiwalled nanotube (MWNT) fate and toxicity are altered by engineered surface modifications or by different dispersal methods. While dissolved organic matter was a good dispersing agent of MWNTs in water, the humic acid fraction was a more effective dispersant than the fulvic acid fraction. When stabilized in organic matter, the functional group attached to the MWNT controlled its toxicity. Underivatized MWNTs induced relatively moderate toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia after 96 h (25 ± 19% survival at 26 mg/L), while hydrophilic groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl) reduced this toxicity (93 ± 12% survival at 48 mg/L). However, other functional groups (alkyl, amine) increased toxicity (0 ± 0% survival at <15 mg/L). In dispersal method studies, sonication of MWNTs increased fragmentation relative to magnetic stirring. The sonication treatment of MWNTs also slightly reduced the mortality of C. dubia in the water column but increased toxicity in the sediment to Leptocheirus plumulosus and Hyalella azteca. Findings in the present study indicate that nanotubes engineered for specific applications need to be managed independently and that laboratory methods to disperse and test nanotubes in bioassays need to be standardized to obtain repeatable results for comparison of materials.
机译：纳米材料的命运和毒性方面的知识差距目前限制了风险评估表征纳米材料对环境的影响的能力。由于缺乏标准化的表征和制备方法，研究人员无法获得所需的信息以帮助风险评估人员，因此该问题变得更加复杂。在本研究中，已生成数据来确定多壁纳米管（MWNT）的命运和毒性是否通过工程化的表面改性或通过不同的分散方法而改变。尽管溶解的有机物是MWNTs在水中的良好分散剂，但腐殖酸级分比黄腐酸级分更有效。当有机物稳定后，连接至MWNT的官能团可控制其毒性。未衍生化的MWNTs在96小时后诱导了对杜鹃花的相对中等的毒性（26​​ mg / L，存活率为25±19％），而亲水基团（羟基，羧基）降低了这种毒性（48 mg / L，存活率为93±12％）。但是，其他官能团（烷基，胺）会增加毒性（在<15 mg / L时存活率为0±0％）。在分散方法研究中，相对于磁力搅拌，MWNTs的超声处理增加了碎裂。 MWNTs的超声处理也略微降低了水柱中杜氏梭菌的死亡率，但增加了沉积物中对羽扇豆和阿兹特尔透明藻的毒性。在本研究中的发现表明，为特殊应用而设计的纳米管需要独立管理，在生物测定中分散和测试纳米管的实验室方法需要进行标准化，以获得可重复的结果用于材料比较。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental toxicology and chemistry》 |2009年第9期|1930-1938|共9页
  • 作者

    Alan J. Kennedy; Jonas C. Gunter; Mark A. Chappell; Jennifer D. Goss; Matthew S. Hull; Robert A. Kirgan; Jeffery A. Steevens;

  • 作者单位

    U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Road,Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180;

    Luna Innovations, 3157 State Street, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA;

    U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Road,Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180;

    Spec Pro, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180, USA;

    Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 418 Durham Hall,Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA;

    U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Road,Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180;

    U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Road,Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    nanotube; toxicity; ceriodaphnia; leptocheirus; hyalella;

    机译：纳米管毒性;紫罗兰色鳞翅目透明质酸;

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