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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >BIOMAGNIFICATION AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENER DISTRIBUTION IN AN AQUATIC PREDATOR-PREY, HOST-PARASITE SYSTEM
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BIOMAGNIFICATION AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENER DISTRIBUTION IN AN AQUATIC PREDATOR-PREY, HOST-PARASITE SYSTEM

机译：水生捕食-寄主-寄生生物系统中的生物放大作用和多氯联苯同源分布

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摘要

Biomagnification and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener distribution was examined in a predator-prey, host-parasite system, in which Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) preyed upon sprat (Sprattus sprattus). Eubothrium crassum was an intestinal parasite in salmon that also "preyed upon" sprat, because the parasites gained access to foodstuffs via the host (salmon) gut. Salmon contained significantly higher concentrations of total PCBs compared to both parasites and prey (sprat), but no difference in PCB concentration was found between sprat and E. crassum. Salmon biomagnified several PCB congeners from their diet (sprat), whereas parasites did not, despite the fact that both salmon and their parasites ingested the same prey. Differences in nutrient uptake mechanisms between the host and their parasites, in addition to the lack of a gastrointestinal tract in the cestode, may explain the lack of biomagnification in E. crassum. No difference was found in PCB congener distribution between parasites, salmon, and sprat, and none of the animal types showed a preference for accumulating more or less lipophilic congeners (congeners with a high or low octanol/water partition coefficient [K_(OW)]). Biomagnification factors for individual congeners in salmon did not increase withrnK_(OW); rather, they were constant, as shown by a linear relationship for congener concentration in prey and predator.
机译：在捕食者－捕食者，宿主－寄生物系统中检查了生物放大作用和多氯联苯（PCB）同类物的分布，在该系统中，大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）捕食了鲱鱼（Sprattus sprattus）。景气假单胞菌是鲑鱼中的一种肠道寄生虫，它也“捕食”鲱鱼，因为该寄生虫通过宿主（鲑鱼）肠道获得了食物。与寄生虫和猎物（西鲱）相比，鲑鱼的总PCB浓度要高得多，但西鲱和景气树之间的PCB浓度没有差异。鲑鱼从其饮食中获得了多种PCB同类生物（西鲱），而寄生虫却没有，尽管鲑鱼和其寄生虫都摄入相同的猎物。宿主和其寄生虫之间营养吸收机制的差异，除了在肠est中缺乏胃肠道外，还可能解释了景天肠菌缺乏生物放大作用。在寄生虫，鲑鱼和西鲱之间，PCB同源物分布没有差异，并且没有一种动物表现出偏好积累更多或更少亲脂性同源物（辛醇/水分配系数高或低的同源物[K_（OW）]） ）。鲑鱼个体同源物的生物放大因子没有随rnK_（OW）增加而增加；相反，它们是恒定的，如猎物和掠食者中同类物浓度的线性关系所示。

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