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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION AND TWO TYPES OF SWIMMING PERFORMANCE IN CHLORPYRIFOS-EXPOSED COHO SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH)
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION AND TWO TYPES OF SWIMMING PERFORMANCE IN CHLORPYRIFOS-EXPOSED COHO SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH)

机译：氯胺酮暴露的高粱鲑鱼中胆碱酯酶抑制与两种游泳性能之间的关系

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Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was evaluated after two different swimming tests in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch; 238 ± 5 g) given 96-h exposures to 0, 5, 10, 20, or 40 μg/L of chlorpyrifos. Brain AChE activity decreased in a concentration-dependent manner (AChE activities were 81.8, 52.2, 37.3, and 21.3% of control for the 5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/L exposures, respectively), whereas swimming performance was impaired after a threshold of AChE impairment was reached. Specifically, for swimming performance (U_(crit)) measured using the established ramp-U_(crit), test (duration, 152 ± 8 min), this threshold occurred with AChE activity of 68.5% ± 18.1% of control. For a rapid acceleration test U_(crit), where V represents velocity; 27.6 ± 0.8 min), this value was 52.6% ± 15.4% of control. Both swim protocols resulted in similar maximum swim speeds (control ramp-U_(crit) and U_(ΔV) values of 3.44 ± 0.09 and 3.71 ±0.13 body lengths/s, respectively), and performance was significantly reduced after 20 and 40 μg/L exposures in both groups (ramp-U_(crit) values: 86.4 and 83.6 %, respectively, of control; U_(ΔV) values: 85.2 and 77.8%, rsepectively, of control). Although both tests yielded similar swim speeds, postexercise plasma lactate concentrations were greater for the U_(ΔV) test (11.3 ± 0.6 vs 8.6 ± 0.5 mmol/L), indicating a greater anaerobic effort. This increase was exaggerated after 10 μg/L of chlorpyrifos (14.6 ± 1.3 mmol/L), indicating that anaerobic muscle was used to attain the same speed. Given the threshold relationship between AChE inhibition and swimming performance, coho salmon appear able to maintain integrated swimming activity despite significant impairment of an underlying neurological control mechanism.
机译：在暴露于0、5、10、20或40μg/ L毒死rif的96小时暴露后，在银大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus kisutch; 238±5 g）中进行两次不同的游泳测试后，评估了大脑乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的活性。脑AChE活性以浓度依赖的方式降低（5、10、20和40μg/ L暴露时，AChE活性分别为对照的81.8、52.2、37.3和21.3％），而经过一段时间后，游泳性能受到损害达到AChE损伤阈值。具体而言，对于使用已建立的斜率U_（crit）测试（持续时间152±8分钟）测得的游泳成绩（U_（暴击）），此阈值出现，AChE活性为对照组的68.5％±18.1％。对于快速加速测试U_（crit），其中V代表速度； 27.6±0.8分钟），该值为对照的52.6％±15.4％。两种游泳方案均导致相似的最大游泳速度（控制坡度U_（crit）和U_（ΔV）值分别为3.44±0.09和3.71±0.13体长/ s），并且在20和40μg/两组的L暴露（相对于对照组，斜坡U_（暴击）值分别为对照的86.4和83.6％；相对于对照，U_（ΔV）值分别为85.2和77.8％）。尽管两个测试都产生了相似的游泳速度，但运动后血浆乳酸水平对于U_（ΔV）测试却更高（11.3±0.6 vs 8.6±0.5 mmol / L），表明厌氧作用更大。毒死10 10μg/ L（14.6±1.3 mmol / L）后，这种增加被夸大了，这表明厌氧肌被用来达到相同的速度。考虑到AChE抑制与游泳能力之间的阈值关系，尽管潜在的神经控制机制明显受损，但银大麻哈鱼仍能够保持综合游泳活动。

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