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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >INFLUENCE OF IN-STREAM DIEL CONCENTRATION CYCLES OF DISSOLVED TRACEMETALS ON ACUTE TOXICITY TO ONE-YEAR-OLD CUTTHROAT TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS CLARKI LEWISI)
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INFLUENCE OF IN-STREAM DIEL CONCENTRATION CYCLES OF DISSOLVED TRACEMETALS ON ACUTE TOXICITY TO ONE-YEAR-OLD CUTTHROAT TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS CLARKI LEWISI)

机译：溶解微量元素的流中Diel浓度循环对一岁鳟鱼急性毒性的影响（ONCORHYNCHUS CLARKI LEWISI）

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Extrapolating results of laboratory bioassays to streams is difficult, because conditions such as temperature and dissolved metal concentrations can change substantially on diel time scales. Field bioassays conducted for 96 h in two mining-affected streams compared the survival of hatchery-raised, metal-naive westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi) exposed to dissolved (0.1-μm filtration) metal concentrations that either exhibited the diel variation observed in streams or were controlled at a constant value. Cadmium and Zn concentrations in these streams increased each night by as much as 61 and 125%, respectively, and decreased a corresponding amount the next day, whereas Cu did not display a diel concentration cycle. In High Ore Creek (40 km south of Helena, MT, USA), survival (33%) after exposure to natural diel-fluctuating Zn concentrations (range, 214-634 μg/L; mean, 428 μg/L) was significantly (p = 0.008) higher than survival (14%) after exposure to a controlled, constant Zn concentration (422 μg/L). Similarly, in Dry Fork Belt Creek (70 km southeast of Great Falls, MT, USA), survival (75%) after exposure to diel-fluctuating Zn concentrations (range, 266-522 μg/L; mean, 399 μg/L) was significantly (p = 0.022) higher than survival (50%) in the constant-concentration treatment (392 μg/L). Survival likely was greater in these diel treatments, both because the periods of lower metal concentrations provided some relief for the fish and because toxicity during periods of higher metal concentrations was lessened by the simultaneous occurrence each night of lower water temperatures, which reduce the rate of metal uptake. Based on the present study, current water-quality criteria appear to be protective for streams with diel concentration cycles of Zn (and, perhaps, Cd) for the hydrologic conditions tested.
机译：很难将实验室生物测定的结果外推至物流，因为温度和溶解金属浓度等条件可能会在diel时间尺度上发生很大变化。在两个受采矿影响的溪流中进行了96小时的现场生物测定，比较了孵化场饲养的金属初生西坡west鱼鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi）在溶解（0.1μm过滤）的金属浓度下的存活率，这些金属浓度表现出在流或被控制为恒定值。这些流中的镉和锌浓度每晚分别增加多达61％和125％，第二天相应减少，而铜则没有diel浓度循环。在High Ore Creek（美国MT，Helena南部40公里），暴露于自然狄尔波动的Zn浓度（范围214-634μg/ L；平均值428μg/ L）后，存活率（33％）显着（ p = 0.008）比暴露于受控的恒定Zn浓度（422μg/ L）后的存活率（14％）高。同样，在干叉带河（美国德克萨斯州大瀑布市东南70公里），暴露于狄尔波动的锌浓度（范围266-522μg/ L；平均值399μg/ L）后，存活率（75％）恒定浓度治疗（392μg/ L）的存活率（50％）显着（p = 0.022）。在这些diel处理中，存活率可能更高，这是因为较低金属浓度的时期为鱼类提供了一定的缓解，并且由于较高金属浓度时期的毒性由于每天晚上同时出现较低的水温而降低了，从而降低了鱼的成活率。金属吸收。根据目前的研究，对于所测试的水文条件，当前的水质标准似乎对具有diel浓度的Zn（可能还包括Cd）浓度循环的溪流具有保护作用。

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