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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE INSECTICIDE IMIDACLOPRID AND A POLLUTANT FROM ANTIDANDRUFF SHAMPOO IN EXPERIMENTAL RICE FIELDS
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ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE INSECTICIDE IMIDACLOPRID AND A POLLUTANT FROM ANTIDANDRUFF SHAMPOO IN EXPERIMENTAL RICE FIELDS

机译：稻田中杀虫剂咪唑洛普特和安蒂达卢夫香波的污染物的生态效应

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Ecological changes caused by the insecticide imidacloprid and a pollutant from antidandruff shampoos (zinc pyrithione) were monitored in experimental paddies throughout a cultivation period. A total of 88 species were observed, with 54 of them aquatic. Plankton, nekton, benthic, and terrestrial communities from imidacloprid fields had significantly less abundance of organisms compared with control and shampoo-treated fields, either for the entire period or during early stages. The absence of Chironomus yoshimatsui and typical paddy ostracods from imidacloprid fields was most remarkable; as a consequence, green algae blooms (Spirogyra sp.) developed, which in turn hampered the establishment of weeds. Such changes occurred while residues of imidacloprid in water were present at levels greater than 1 μg/L. The overall diversity was similar in all fields and increased constantly until the end of the study. Phytophagous insects dominated in early communities, gradually giving way to predators and scavengers during late stages, but imidacloprid fields had a lower proportion of the latter trophic group. Multivariate analyses helped to describe and differentiate the communities between treatments and control. Hazard- and risk-assessment methods overestimated the effects of zinc pyrithione but failed to predict imidacloprid impacts, probably because of deficiencies in the exposure and relevant toxicity data used.
机译：在整个种植期间，在实验稻田中监测了由杀虫剂吡虫啉和去屑洗发水（巯氧吡啶锌）产生的污染物引起的生态变化。总共观察到88种，其中54种是水生的。在整个时期或早期阶段，吡虫啉田间的浮游生物，nekton，底栖生物和陆生生物群落的生物量均显着低于对照和洗发液处理过的田间。最显着的是没有吉隆Chironomus yoshimatsui和吡虫啉田间典型的稻田稻纲纲。结果，形成了绿藻花开（Spirogyra sp。），从而阻碍了杂草的形成。当吡虫啉残留在水中的浓度大于1μg/ L时，会发生此类变化。在所有领域中，总体多样性都是相似的，并且一直持续增长，直到研究结束。植食性昆虫在早期群落中占主导地位，在后期逐渐被捕食者和清道夫所取代，但吡虫啉田地在后者的营养族中所占比例较低。多变量分析有助于描述和区分治疗和控制之间的社区。危险和风险评估方法高估了巯氧吡啶锌的作用，但未能预测吡虫啉的影响，这可能是由于暴露量和所使用的相关毒性数据不足所致。

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