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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Pharmaceutically active compounds in atlantic canadian sewage treatment plant effluents and receiving waters, and potential for environmental effects as measured by acute and chronic aquatic toxicity.
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Pharmaceutically active compounds in atlantic canadian sewage treatment plant effluents and receiving waters, and potential for environmental effects as measured by acute and chronic aquatic toxicity.

机译：大西洋加拿大污水处理厂废水和接收水中的药物活性化合物，以及通过急性和慢性水生毒性测定的潜在环境影响。

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Ten acidic and two neutral pharmaceuticals were detected in the effluents of eight sewage treatment plants (STPs) from across Atlantic Canada. Concentrations varied between nondetectable and 35 microg/L. The analgesic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen and naproxen were predominant. Carbamazepine, a neutral compound used as an antiepileptic drug, was observed consistently at a median concentration of 79 ng/L. Acetaminophen was found in the effluents of the three largest mechanical STPs at a median concentration of 1.9 microg/L, but not in the lagoon treatment systems. The substantially longer hydraulic retention times may have contributed to more effective removal of acetaminophen in the lagoon treatment systems. Drugs generally were not detected at significant concentrations in the larger bodies of receiving water (Saint John River, Hillsborough River, and Bedford Bay, Canada). However, drug residues in the small receiving streams were 15 to 30% of the effluent median concentrations. Six compounds (caffeine, naproxen, salicylic acid, carbamazepine, metoprolol, and sotolol) were found to persist in a small stream for a distance of at least 17 km, suggesting that small stream exposure to pharmaceutically active residues may be relatively greater than that in large bodies of water. Bioassays assessing acute and chronic effects on four organisms were conducted on four high-use drugs: Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, and salicylic acid (metabolite of acetyl salicylic acid). Results indicated no negative effects except for the chronic algal (Selanastrum capricornutum) growth test on ibuprofen (no-observed-effect concentration, 10 microg/L; lowest-observed-effect concentration, 32 microg/L). Effects of these four compounds on invertebrates and plants in the receiving environments are unlikely based on the concentrations measured.
机译：在加拿大大西洋沿岸的八个污水处理厂（STP）的废水中检测到十种酸性药物和两种中性药物。浓度在无法检测到的35微克/升之间。主要使用止痛药，非甾体类抗炎药布洛芬和萘普生。卡马西平是一种中性化合物，用作抗癫痫药，在中位浓度为79 ng / L时一直观察到。在三个最大的机械STP的废水中发现了对乙酰氨基酚，中位浓度为1.9 microg / L，但在泻湖处理系统中未发现。更长的水力停留时间可能有助于更有效地去除泻湖处理系统中的对乙酰氨基酚。通常，在较大的接收水体（加拿大圣约翰河，希尔斯伯勒河和加拿大贝德福德湾）中未检测到高浓度的药物。但是，少量接收流中的药物残留量是出水中位数浓度的15％至30％。发现六种化合物（咖啡因，萘普生，水杨酸，卡马西平，美托洛尔和索托洛尔）在小溪流中持续存在至少17 km，这表明小溪流对药物活性残留物的暴露可能相对大于大块的水。对四种高使用药物：对乙酰氨基酚，布洛芬，萘普生和水杨酸（乙酰水杨酸的代谢物）进行了评估四种生物的急性和慢性影响的生物测定。结果表明，除了对布洛芬的长期藻类生长试验（无观察到的浓度，为10微克/升；最低观察到的浓度，为32微克/升）外，没有其他不利影响。根据所测量的浓度，这四种化合物对接收环境中的无脊椎动物和植物的影响不太可能。

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