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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >The use of in situ and stream microcosm experiments to assess population- and community-level responses to metals.
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The use of in situ and stream microcosm experiments to assess population- and community-level responses to metals.

机译：使用原位和流微观世界实验评估人口和社区对金属的反应。

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摘要

We conducted field and stream microcosm experiments to assess population-level (density, size distribution) and community-level (species richness metrics, multivariate analysis of community composition) responses of macroinvertebrates to heavy metals in the Arkansas River, a mining-polluted stream in Colorado, USA. Experiments were conducted in spring and summer to coincide with early and late developmental stages (i.e., instars) of the mayfly Rhithrogena hageni. Results of field experiments showed significant mortality at metal-contaminated sites during summer when mayfly populations were dominated by small, early instars (mean dry wt = 0.13 mg). In contrast, no significant mortality was observed in spring when organisms were larger (mean dry wt = 1.78 mg). Multivariate analyses based on abundance of dominant taxa clearly separated reference and metal-impacted stations in summer experiments but showed little separation in spring. We observed no significant effects of metals on species richness, numberof mayfly species, or EPT (species richness of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) in.either field experiment. Using stream microcosms, we established concentration-response relationships between heavy metals and R. hageni density, species richness, mayfly richness, and EPT. Density of R. hageni was generally more sensitive to metals than measures of species richness, and summer populations of R. hageni were more sensitive to metals than spring populations. Because the presence of large, relatively tolerant individuals in spring coincided with periods of higher metal concentrations, R. hageni was protected from toxic effects in this system. We conclude that phenology and developmental stage are important factors influencing responses of some aquatic macroinvertebrates to metals. Thus, timing bioassessments to coincide with the presence of these sensitive life stages can improve our ability to detect subtle contaminant effects.
机译：我们进行了田间和河流微观实验，以评估阿肯色河中无脊椎动物对重金属的种群水平（密度，大小分布）和社区水平（物种丰富度指标，社区组成的多元分析）对重金属的响应。美国科罗拉多州。在春季和夏季进行了实验，以与may蝇Rhithrogena hageni的早期和晚期发育阶段（即幼虫）相吻合。田间试验的结果表明，夏季期间，当fly蝇种群被小的，早期的幼虫所占优势时（平均干重= 0.13 mg），在金属污染的地点死亡率显着增加。相反，当有机体较大时，春季没有观察到明显的死亡率（平均干重= 1.78 mg）。在夏季实验中，基于大量优势类群的多变量分析清楚地将参考站和受金属影响的站分开，但春季却很少。在两个田间试验中，我们都没有观察到金属对物种丰富度，may类数量或EPT（星翅目，鞘翅目和毛翅目的物种丰富度）的显着影响。使用流的微观世界，我们建立了重金属与河豚鼠密度，物种丰富度，may蝇丰富度和EPT之间的浓度-响应关系。相对于物种丰富度，哈格奈氏菌的密度通常对金属更为敏感，而哈格尼氏菌的夏季种群比春季种群对金属更敏感。由于春季出现较大且相对耐受的个体，同时金属浓度较高，因此保护了哈氏根瘤菌免受该系统的毒害作用。我们得出的结论是物候和发育阶段是影响某些水生无脊椎动物对金属的反应的重要因素。因此，与这些敏感的生命阶段同步进行生物评估可以提高我们检测细微污染物影响的能力。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental toxicology and chemistry》 |2006年第9期|P.2306-2312|共7页
  • 作者

    Clark JL; Clements WH;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Fishery and Wildlife Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 药学;
  • 关键词

    Metals; spring; summer; Community; 金属;

    机译：金属;弹簧;夏季;社区;金属;

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