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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Modulatory Effects of Pb~(2+) on Virally Challenged Chicken Macrophage (HD‐11) and B‐Lymphocyte (DT40) CellLines In Vitro
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Modulatory Effects of Pb~(2+) on Virally Challenged Chicken Macrophage (HD‐11) and B‐Lymphocyte (DT40) CellLines In Vitro

机译：Pb〜（2+）对病毒攻击的鸡巨噬细胞（HD-11）和B淋巴细胞（DT40）细胞系的体外调节作用

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Elevated levels of lead have been found in waterfowl, due to human activities. Lead may cause immunomodulatory effects, but the mechanisms are largely unknown, especially after viral challenges. To characterize avian immunomodulatory hazards of lead (Pb)(2+), we used chicken macrophage (HD-11) and B-lymphocyte (DT40) cell lines, as in vitro models for the innate and adaptive immune systems, respectively. The cells were activated via toll-like receptor-3 by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium salt (poly I:C), mimicking viral infections. Our results indicate that Pb2+ is cytotoxic to both cell lines, macrophages being more sensitive. De novo synthesis of glutathione plays an important role in protecting macrophages from Pb2+ intoxication, which might also be closely involved in the induction of nitric oxide after Pb2+ exposure. Stimulatory effects on cell proliferation were noticed at noncytotoxic Pb2+ concentrations as well. Exposure to Pb2+ could also affect the inflammatory status by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory interferon (IFN)-gamma while promoting the production of anti-inflammatory type I IFNs in both macrophages and B-cells, and increasing intracellular IgM levels in B-cells. These results suggest that the immunomodulatory effects of Pb2+ in birds are probably closely associated with disruption of immune cell proliferation and cytokine production, potentially causing disorders of the avian immune system. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;00:1-11. (c) 2020 SETAC
机译：由于人类活动，在水禽中发现了高水平的铅。铅可能会引起免疫调节作用，但机理尚不清楚，尤其是在病毒攻击后。为了表征铅（Pb）（2+）的禽类免疫调节危害，我们分别使用了鸡巨噬细胞（HD-11）和B淋巴细胞（DT40）细胞系，分别作为先天和适应性免疫系统的体外模型。通过多肌苷-聚胞苷酸钠盐（poly I：C）通过toll样受体-3激活细胞，从而模拟病毒感染。我们的结果表明，Pb2 +对两种细胞系均具有细胞毒性，巨噬细胞更为敏感。谷胱甘肽的从头合成在保护巨噬细胞免于Pb2 +中毒中起着重要作用，Pb2 +暴露后这也可能与一氧化氮的诱导密切相关。在无细胞毒性的Pb2 +浓度下也注意到对细胞增殖的刺激作用。暴露于Pb2 +也可以通过抑制促炎性干扰素（IFN）-γ，同时促进巨噬细胞和B细胞中抗炎I型IFN的产生，并增加B细胞中的细胞内IgM水平来影响炎症状态。这些结果表明，Pb2 +在禽类中的免疫调节作用可能与免疫细胞增殖和细胞因子产生的破坏密切相关，有可能引起禽类免疫系统疾病。环境毒性化学2020; 00：1-11。 （c）2020年SETAC

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