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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >TOXICITY OF SIXTY-THREE METALS AND METALLOIDS TO HYALELLA AZTECA AT TWO LEVELS OF WATER HARDNESS
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TOXICITY OF SIXTY-THREE METALS AND METALLOIDS TO HYALELLA AZTECA AT TWO LEVELS OF WATER HARDNESS

机译：两种水硬度下六十三种金属和类金属化合物对透明质感的毒性

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The toxicity of all atomically stable metals in the periodic table, excluding Na, Mg, K, and Ca, was measured in one-week exposures using the freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca in both Lake Ontario, Canada, and soft water (10% Lake Ontario). Metals were added as atomic absorption standards (63 metals), and also as anion salts for 10 metals. Lethal concentrations resulting in 50% mortality (LC50s) were obtained for 48 of the metals tested; the rest were not toxic at 1,000 μg/L. The most toxic metals on a molar basis were Cd, Ag, Pb, Hg, Cr (anion), and Tl, with nominal LC50s ranging from 5 to 58 nmol/L (1 to 58 nmol/L measured). These metals were followed by U, Co, Os, Se (anion), Pt, Lu, Cu, Ce, Zn, Pr, Ni, and Yb with nominal LC50s ranging from 225 to 1,500 nmol/L (88-1,300 nmol/L measured). Most metals were similarly or slightly more toxic in soft water, but Al, Cr, Ge, Pb, and U were > 17-fold more toxic in soft water; Pd was less toxic in soft water. Atomic absorption (AA) standards of As and Se in acid had similar toxicity as anions, Sb was more toxic as the AA standard, and Cr and Mn were more toxic as anions. One-week LC50s for H. azteca correlate strongly with three-week LC50s and three-week effect concentrations resulting in 50% reduction in reproduction (EC50s) in Daphnia magna.
机译：使用加拿大安大略湖和软水（10％的安大略湖）中的淡水两栖动物Hyalella azteca，在暴露一周的条件下，测量了元素周期表中所有原子稳定金属的毒性，但不包括Na，Mg，K和Ca。 ）。添加了金属作为原子吸收标准品（63种金属），还添加了10种金属的阴离子盐。对于48种金属，获得了导致50％死亡率（LC50s）的致死浓度。其余1000 mg / L无毒。以摩尔计，毒性最高的金属为Cd，Ag，Pb，Hg，Cr（阴离子）和T1，标称LC50为5至58 nmol / L（测得1至58 nmol / L）。这些金属之后是U，Co，Os，Se（阴离子），Pt，Lu，Cu，Ce，Zn，Pr，Ni和Yb，标称LC50范围为225至1,500 nmol / L（88-1,300 nmol / L测量）。大多数金属在软水中的毒性相似或略高，但Al，Cr，Ge，Pb和U在软水中的毒性高出17倍；钯在软水中的毒性较小。酸中As和Se的原子吸收（AA）标样具有与阴离子相似的毒性，Sb比AA标样具有更高的毒性，而Cr和Mn作为阴离子具有更高的毒性。阿兹台克人的一周LC50与三周LC50和三周效应浓度高度相关，导致大型蚤（Daphnia magna）的生殖（EC50）降低50％。

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