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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MICROBIAL BIOASSAYS TO ASSESS METAL-CONTAMINATED SOILS
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COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MICROBIAL BIOASSAYS TO ASSESS METAL-CONTAMINATED SOILS

机译：不同微生物生物评估土壤污染金属的比较

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These experiments compared the sensitivity of four different types of bioassay over time after five metals were added to a wide range of soils at the maximum concentrations in the European Union Sewage Sludge Directive. Three were chronic assays (most probable number of Rhizobium leguminosarum, soil microbial C and Biolog substrate utilization). The fourth bioassay, an acute biosensor, employed a lux-marked luminescent bacterium (Escherichia coli) in the soil pore water. Five metals were added to 23 different soils as a mixture at Zn = 300, Cd = 3, Pb = 300, Cu = 135, and Ni = 75 mg/kg as nitrate salts and compared with unamended controls. Zinc and Cu were the metals most likely to be toxic at the concentrations used here. In the case of Rhizobium, the number of cells in soil was not affected after 11 d; however, by 818 d the numbers had decreased by four orders of magnitude with increasing concentrations of Zn and Cu in soil solution. Microbial biomass also was not affected after 11 d, but significantly decreased with increased Zn (p < 0.001) and Cu (p < 0.01) in soil solution after 818 d. Toxicity to the soil microbial biomass increased with time, whereas the toxicity to the biosensor remained the same. Biolog substrate utilization profiles were not responsive to the concentrations used here.
机译：这些实验比较了在欧盟污水污泥指令中以最大浓度将五种金属以最大浓度添加到多种土壤中后，四种不同类型的生物测定的灵敏度随时间变化的情况。三项是慢性检测（豆科根瘤菌的最可能数量，土壤微生物C和Biolog底物利用率）。第四个生物测定法是一种急性生物传感器，它在土壤孔隙水中使用了勒克斯标记的发光细菌（大肠杆菌）。将五种金属以硝酸盐的形式分别以Zn = 300，Cd = 3，Pb = 300，Cu = 135和Ni = 75 mg / kg的混合物形式添加到23种不同的土壤中，并与未经修改的对照进行比较。在此处使用的浓度下，锌和铜是最有毒的金属。在根瘤菌的情况下，土壤中的细胞数量在11天后没有受到影响。然而，到818天时，土壤溶液中锌和铜的浓度增加，数量减少了四个数量级。 11天后微生物生物量也没有受到影响，但随着818天后土壤溶液中Zn（p <0.001）和Cu（p <0.01）的增加而显着下降。对土壤微生物生物量的毒性随时间增加，而对生物传感器的毒性保持不变。 Biolog底物利用率曲线对此处使用的浓度无反应。

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