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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF TWO OIL DISPERSANTS, SUPERDISPERSANT-25 AND COREXIT 9527, TO A RANGE OF COASTAL SPECIES
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COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF TWO OIL DISPERSANTS, SUPERDISPERSANT-25 AND COREXIT 9527, TO A RANGE OF COASTAL SPECIES

机译：两种油分散剂，SUPERDISPERSANT-25和Corexit 9527对沿海物种的毒性比较

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The acute toxicity of the oil dispersant Corexit 9527 reported in the literature is highly variable. No peer-reviewed data exist for Superdispersant-25 (SD-25). This study compares the toxicity of the two dispersants to a range of marine species representing different phyla occupying a wide range of niches: The marine sediment-dwelling amphipod Corophiutn volutator (Pallas), the common mussel Mytilus edulis (L.), the symbiotic snakelocks anemone Anemonia viridis (Forskal), and the seagrass Zostera marina (L.). Organisms were exposed to static dispersant concentrations for 48-h and median lethal concentration (LC50), median effect concentration (EC50), and lowest-observable-effect concentration (LOEC) values obtained. The sublethal effects of 48-h exposures and the ability of species to recover for up to 72 h after exposure were quantified relative to the 48-h endpoints. Results indicated that the anemone lethality test was the most sensitive with LOECs of 20 ppm followed by mussel feeding rate, seagrass photosynthetic index and amphipod lethality, with mussel lethality being the least sensitive with LOECs of 250 ppm for both dispersants. The results were consistent with current theory that dispersants act physically and irreversibly on the respiratory organs and reversibly, depending on exposure time, on the nervous system. Superdispersant-25 was found overall to be less toxic than Corexit 9527 and its sublethal effects more likely to be reversible following short-term exposure.
机译：文献中报道的油分散剂Corexit 9527的急性毒性变化很大。没有超级分散剂25（SD-25）的同行评审数据。这项研究比较了两种分散剂对代表不同门类，占据着广泛生态位的一系列海洋物种的毒性：海洋沉积物栖居的两栖动物科罗菲特Voltator（Pallas），常见的贻贝Mytilus edulis（L.），共生蛇lock海葵Aneviia viridis（Forskal）和海草Zostera marina（L.）。将有机物暴露于静态分散剂浓度48小时，并获得中值致死浓度（LC50），中值效应浓度（EC50）和最低可观察效应浓度（LOEC）值。相对于48小时的终点，量化了48小时的暴露的亚致死作用以及暴露后物种恢复长达72小时的能力。结果表明，海葵杀伤力测试最敏感，LOEC为20 ppm，其次为贻贝摄食率，海草光合指数和两栖动物杀伤力，贻贝杀伤力最不敏感，两种分散剂的LOEC为250 ppm。该结果与当前的理论一致，即分散剂在呼吸器官上物理地和不可逆地作用，并且取决于暴露时间在神经系统上可逆地作用。发现总体而言，Super分散剂25的毒性低于Corexit 9527，并且其短期致死作用在短期暴露后更可能是可逆的。

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