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TOXICITY OF HERBICIDES IN HIGHWAY RUNOFf

机译：除草剂在高速公路中的毒性f

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Previous field monitoring at two highway sites found highway-applied herbicides in storm water runoff at maximum concentrations ranging from 10 μg/L for glyphosate and diuron to as high as 200 μg/L for oryzalin. To determine whether these herbicides at these concentrations can cause any toxicity to aquatic organisms, a standard toxicity study was conducted. Storm water was collected along Highway 37, Sonoma County, California, USA, and the herbicides isoxaben, oryzalin, diuron, clopyralid, and glyphosate were spiked into the storm water at the highest concentrations observed during the five previous field-monitoring campaigns. Three different toxicity studies were conducted and the results showed the following: No significant reduction in reproduction or increase in mortality relative to the control for an 8-d Ceriodaphnia (water flea) toxicity test; no significant increase in mortality or decrease in biomass compared to the control during a 7-d Pimephales (fish) toxicity test; and, in a 96-h Selenastrum (algae) toxicity test, both the 10-μg/L diuron treatment and the combined 50-μg/L isoxaben plus 200-μg/L oryzalin treatment produced significant (p < 0.05) reductions in algal growth compared to the controls, although the 30-μLg/L clopyralid or 10-μg/L glyphosate treatments did not exhibit any toxic effects.
机译：先前在两个高速公路现场进行的现场监测发现，在雨水径流中高速公路施用的除草剂的最大浓度范围从草甘膦和杜隆的10μg/ L到谷草素的200μg/ L的最高浓度。为了确定这些浓度的除草剂是否会对水生生物造成任何毒性，进行了标准毒性研究。在美国加利福尼亚州索诺玛县的37号高速公路沿线收集了雨水，并且在前五个现场监测活动中观察到的最高浓度的除草剂异草酸，稻草素，杜伦，氯吡格雷和草甘膦被加到雨水中。进行了三项不同的毒性研究，结果表明：与8 d蚤蚤（水蚤）毒性试验的对照相比，繁殖和死亡率没有明显降低；在7天吡美pha（鱼）毒性试验中，与对照组相比，死亡率没有显着增加或生物量减少；并且，在96小时的硒硒（藻类）毒性测试中，10-μg/ L的杜隆处理和联合使用的50-μg/ L的异恶草素加200μg/ L的米草素处理均使藻类显着减少（p <0.05）与30μg/ L的吡虫啉或10μg/ L的草甘膦处理相比，对照组没有明显的毒性作用。

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