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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >EXPOSURE-RELATED EFFECTS ON Cd BIOACCUMULATION EXPLAIN TOXICITY OF Cd-PHENANTHRENE MIXTURES IN HYALELLA AZTECA
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EXPOSURE-RELATED EFFECTS ON Cd BIOACCUMULATION EXPLAIN TOXICITY OF Cd-PHENANTHRENE MIXTURES IN HYALELLA AZTECA

机译：与暴露相关的Cd生物富集中Cd-菲混合物对Cd生物富集的毒性

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Little is known regarding mixture effects of metals and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) under environmentally relevant exposure regimes. Standard U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) procedures were applied and extended to test effects of phenanthrene (Phen) on sediment-Cd uptake, aqueous-Cd uptake, and Cd-elimination kinetics in the amphipod Hyalella azteca. In sediment exposures, Phen increased the projected equilibrium-tissue concentration of Cd from 47.2 (36.2-58.3) to 221.1 μg/g ([117.8-324.3], 95% confidence intervals [CI] in parentheses). Although Cd bio-accumulation increased markedly in sediment exposures, dissolved Cd concentrations and physical-chemical parameters indicative of Cd bioavailability were unaffected by Phen. Further, in water-only exposures, Phen had no effect on Cd bio-accumulation or Cd-elimination kinetics. These results indicate that increased Cd bioaccumulation in Cd-Phen mixtures occurred via a sediment-mediated process and was likely a function of increased uptake associated with feeding (i.e., Phen-induced alterations in ingestion and/or digestive processes). Observed increases in H. azteca lethality when exposed to Cd-Phen mixtures in sediment, but not in water-only exposures, likely resulted from increased Cd bioaccumulation rate rather than a true toxicological synergism. Thus, apparent synergisms and antagonisms may result from exposure-mediated effects in sediment that are unrelated to toxicological interactions. Implications of these findings regarding sediment-quality assessment and suggestions for future studies are discussed.
机译：关于金属和多环芳烃（PAH）在环境相关的暴露制度下的混合效应知之甚少。应用了美国环境保护局（U.S. EPA）的标准程序，并将其扩展到测试菲（Phen）对两栖类透明质Hyalella azteca中的沉积Cd吸收，Cd吸收和Cd消除动力学的影响。在沉积物暴露中，Phen将Cd的预计平衡组织浓度从47.2（36.2-58.3）提高到221.1μg/ g（[117.8-324.3]，括号中为95％置信区间[CI]）。尽管沉积物中的镉生物累积量显着增加，但溶解的镉浓度和指示镉生物利用度的物理化学参数不受Phen的影响。此外，在纯水暴露中，Phen对Cd的生物积累或Cd消除动力学没有影响。这些结果表明，Cd-Phen混合物中Cd生物积累的增加是通过沉积物介导的过程发生的，并且可能是与摄食相关的摄取增加的功能（即，Phen引起的摄入和/或消化过程的改变）。当暴露于沉积物中的Cd-Phen混合物而不是纯水暴露时，观察到的阿兹台克致死率增加，这可能是由于Cd的生物累积速率增加而不是真正的毒理学协同作用所致。因此，明显的协同作用和拮抗作用可能是由沉积物中与毒理学相互作用无关的暴露介导作用引起的。讨论了这些发现对沉积物质量评估的意义以及对未来研究的建议。

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