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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >In situ water and sediment toxicity in an agricultural watershed.
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In situ water and sediment toxicity in an agricultural watershed.

机译：农业流域的原位水和沉积物毒性。

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The Salinas River receives inputs from extensive farmlands before flowing into the Salinas River National Wildlife Refuge and the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (CA, USA). Previous monitoring using laboratory toxicity tests and chemical analyses identified toxic agricultural drain-water inputs in this system. Using caged daphnids (Ceriodaphnia dubia) and amphipods (Hyalella azteca), we investigated in situ toxicity at stations downstream from an agricultural drain relative to a reference station. A flow sensor indicated highly variable inputs from irrigation, and daily synoptic chemical analyses using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques demonstrated fluctuating concentrations of organophosphate pesticides. Test organism mortality in the field coincided with contaminant concentrations that exceeded chemical effect thresholds for the test species. Laboratory toxicity tests using C. dubia were comparable to results from field exposures, but tests with H. azteca were not. Laboratory exposures can be reasonable surrogates for field evaluations in this system, but they were less effective for assessing short-term temporal variability. Results from the field toxicity studies corroborated results of bioassessment surveys conducted as part of a concurrent study. Toxicity identification evaluations indicated that organophosphate pesticides caused toxicity to daphnids and that effects of suspended solids were negligible.
机译：在流入萨利纳斯河国家野生动物保护区和蒙特利湾国家海洋保护区（美国加利福尼亚）之前，萨利纳斯河从广大农田获得了投入。先前使用实验室毒性测试和化学分析进行的监测确定了该系统中有毒的农业废水输入。使用笼养的水蚤（Ceriodaphnia dubia）和两栖动物（Hyalella azteca），我们调查了农业排水沟下游的水位相对于参考水位的原位毒性。流量传感器指示来自灌溉的输入变化很大，并且使用酶联免疫吸附测定技术进行的日常天气化学分析表明，有机磷酸酯农药的浓度在波动。现场的测试生物死亡率与污染物浓度超过测试物种的化学效应阈值相吻合。使用杜氏梭状芽孢杆菌的实验室毒性测试与野外暴露的结果相当，但使用阿兹特克红杆菌的实验室毒性测试则不然。在该系统中，实验室暴露可能是进行现场评估的合理替代品，但评估短期时间变异性的效果较差。现场毒性研究的结果证实了作为并行研究一部分进行的生物评估调查的结果。毒性鉴定评估表明，有机磷酸酯农药对水蚤有毒性，悬浮固体的影响可忽略不计。

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