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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >EFFECTS OF VERTEBRATE HORMONES ON DEVELOPMENT AND SEX DETERMINATION IN DAPHNIA MAGNA
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EFFECTS OF VERTEBRATE HORMONES ON DEVELOPMENT AND SEX DETERMINATION IN DAPHNIA MAGNA

机译：脊椎动物激素对大DA虫发育和性决定的影响

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Daphnia (Crustacea) are extensively used as model organisms in ecotoxicology; however, little is known regarding their endocrine system. This study examines Daphnia vulnerability to vertebrate hormones. Twelve natural or synthetic vertebrate hormones were screened for activity on developmental and reproductive processes in Daphnia magna. Natural hormones tested included: β-estradiol, gonadotropin, hydrocortisone, insulin, melatonin, progesterone, somatostatin, testosterone, and thyroxine at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μg/L. Synthetic hormones tested included diethylstilbestrol (estrogenic), R-1881 (androgen), and ICI-182,780 (antiestrogen); all hormones were screened with a 6-d assay. Additionally, progesterone, insulin, testosterone, and thyroxine were screened for 25 d. Diethylstilbestrol decreased D. magna growth rate while thyroxine increased it. Short-term testosterone exposure reduced D. magna fecundity; however, long-term exposure did not, potentially indicating testosterone hy-droxylation with long-term exposure. Hormones commonly considered sex-hormones (estrogens and androgens) in vertebrates do not appear to control sexual differentiation in D. magna; however, several vertebrate hormones do affect reproduction and development in D. magna making D. magna a potentially useful tool in monitoring for the presence of these hormones or compounds that mimic them.
机译：水蚤（甲壳纲）在生态毒理学中被广泛用作模型生物。然而，对其内分泌系统知之甚少。这项研究检查了水蚤对脊椎动物激素的脆弱性。筛选了十二种天然或合成脊椎动物激素在大型蚤中对发育和生殖过程的活性。测试的天然激素包括：β-雌二醇，促性腺激素，氢化可的松，胰岛素，褪黑激素，孕酮，生长抑素，睾丸激素和甲状腺素，浓度范围为1至100μg/ L。测试的合成激素包括己烯雌酚（雌激素），R-1881（雄激素）和ICI-182,780（雌激素）；所有激素均经过6天检测。此外，孕酮，胰岛素，睾丸激素和甲状腺素被筛选了25天。己烯雌酚降低了D. magna的生长速率，而甲状腺素却提高了它的生长速率。短期接触睾丸激素会降低D. magna的生殖力；但是，长期接触没有，可能表明长期接触会引起睾丸激素的羟基氧化。在脊椎动物中，通常被认为是性激素（雌激素和雄激素）的激素似乎并不能控制大麦按蚊的性别分化。但是，几种脊椎动物激素确实会影响D. magna的繁殖和发育，从而使D. magna成为监测这些激素或模拟它们的化合物的潜在有用工具。

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