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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >EFFECTS OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON CONCENTRATION AND SOURCE, pH, AND WATER HARDNESS ON CHRONIC TOXICITY OF COPPER TO DAPHNIA MAGNA
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EFFECTS OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON CONCENTRATION AND SOURCE, pH, AND WATER HARDNESS ON CHRONIC TOXICITY OF COPPER TO DAPHNIA MAGNA

机译：溶解的有机碳浓度和源，pH值和水硬度对铜对小睡蛇慢性毒性的影响

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摘要

The effects of pH (5.3-8.7), water hardness (CaCO_3 at 25-500 mg/L), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, (1.6-18.4 mg/L), and DOC source on the chronic toxicity of copper to Daphnia magna were investigated by using a multifactorial, central composite test design. Natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) was collected at three sites in Belgium and The Netherlands by using reverse osmosis. For a total number of 35 toxicity tests performed, 21-d no-observed-effect concentrations (NOECs) of copper based on reproduction ranged from 29.4 to 228 μg/L and 21-d concentrations of copper causing 50% reduction of reproduction (EC50s) ranged from 41.5 to 316 μg/L. Statistical analysis revealed that DOC concentration and pH had a significant effect on copper toxicity but hardness (at the levels tested) did not. In general, an increase in pH or DOC resulted in a linear increase of 21-d NOEC and EC50 values. All DOMs (originating from three different sources) reduced copper toxicity to the same extent. Multiple linear regression analysis on the results of all 35 toxicity tests revealed that DOC concentration is the most important factor for chronic toxicity of copper to D. magna, explaining about 60% of the observed variability, whereas pH only explained about 15% of the observed variability. Regression models were developed (with DOC and pH as parameters) that were capable of predicting NOECs and EC50s within a factor of 1.9 from observed NOEC and EC50 values obtained with eight natural surface waters spiked with copper. Until future research further elucidates the mechanisms underpinning the observed bioavailability relations, these empirical regression models can become a first simple tool for regulatory applications.
机译：pH（5.3-8.7），水硬度（CaCO_3在25-500 mg / L下），溶解有机碳（DOC）浓度（1.6-18.4 mg / L）和DOC来源对铜对铜的慢性毒性的影响使用多因素中央复合测试设计对大型蚤（Daphnia magna）进行了调查。利用反渗透技术在比利时和荷兰的三个地点收集了天然溶解有机物（DOM）。对于总共进行的35次毒性测试，基于繁殖的21天无观察到的铜浓度（NOEC）为29.4至228μg/ L，而21天的铜浓度导致繁殖减少50％（EC50 ）范围从41.5至316μg/ L。统计分析表明，DOC的浓度和pH值对铜的毒性有显着影响，而硬度（在测试的水平上）却没有。通常，pH或DOC的增加会导致21天NOEC和EC50值线性增加。所有的DOM（来自三个不同的来源）都将铜的毒性降低到相同的程度。对所有35种毒性试验的结果进行的多元线性回归分析表明，DOC浓度是铜对D. magna慢性毒性的最重要因素，解释了所观察到的变异性的60％，而pH仅解释了所观察到的变异性的15％。变化性。开发了回归模型（以DOC和pH为参数），该模型能够从八种掺铜的天然地表水获得的NOEC和EC50值的1.9因子内预测NOEC和EC50。在未来的研究进一步阐明支撑观察到的生物利用度关系的机制之前，这些经验回归模型可以成为监管应用的第一个简单工具。

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