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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >MERCURY EFFECTS ON PREDATOR AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR OF A FORAGE FISH, GOLDEN SHINER (NOTEMIGONUS CRYSOLEUCAS)
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MERCURY EFFECTS ON PREDATOR AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR OF A FORAGE FISH, GOLDEN SHINER (NOTEMIGONUS CRYSOLEUCAS)

机译：汞对饲草鱼，金光泽（NOTEMIGONUS CRYSOLEUCAS）的捕食者回避行为的影响

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Mercury contamination of fish is widespread in North America and has resulted in the establishment of fish consumption advisories to protect human health. However, the effects of mercury exposure to fish have seldom been investigated. We examined the effects of dietary mercury exposure at environmental levels in a common forage species, golden shiner (Notemigonus cryso-leucas). Fish were fed either an unaltered diet (12 ng/g wet wt methylmercury [MeHg] as Hg), a low-Hg diet (455 ng/g Hg), or a high-Hg diet (959 ng/g Hg). After 90 d mean fish whole-body total Hg concentrations were 41, 230, and 518 ng/g wet wt, respectively, which were within the range of concentrations found in this species in northern U.S. lakes. There were no mortalities or differences in growth rate among groups. Groups of fish from each treatment were exposed to a model avian predator and their behavioral response videotaped for analysis. Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined in fish after behavioral testing. Fish fed the high-Hg diet had significantly greater shoal vertical dispersal following predator exposure, took longer to return to pre-exposure activity level, and had greater shoal area after return to pre-exposure activity than did the other treatments, all of which would increase vulnerability of the fish to predation. There were no differences in brain AChE among treatments. We conclude that mercury exposure at levels currently occurring in northern United States lakes alters fish predator-avoidance behavior in a manner that may increase vulnerability to predation. This finding has significant implications for food chain transfer of Hg and Hg exposure of fish predators.
机译：鱼的汞污染在北美很普遍，并导致建立了鱼的食用建议以保护人类健康。但是，很少研究汞暴露于鱼的影响。我们研究了常见的牧草物种金色光泽（Notemigonus cryso-leucas）在环境水平下饮食中汞暴露的影响。给鱼类喂食未改变的饮食（12 ng / g湿重甲基汞（MeHg）作为汞），低汞饮食（455 ng / g Hg）或高汞饮食（959 ng / g Hg）。 90天后，平均鱼体内总Hg浓度分别为41、230和518 ng / g湿重，这在美国北部湖泊中该物种发现的浓度范围内。各组之间没有死亡率或增长率差异。将来自每种处理的鱼群暴露于模型鸟类捕食者中，并记录他们的行为反应以进行分析。行为测试后，确定鱼体内的脑乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性。饲喂高汞饮食的鱼与捕食者接触后的浅滩垂直扩散明显更大，恢复到接触前活动水平所需的时间更长，并且在恢复接触前活动后的浅滩面积比其他处理要大，所有这些都会增加鱼类对捕食的脆弱性。治疗之间的大脑AChE没有差异。我们得出的结论是，目前在美国北部湖泊中发生的汞暴露水平改变了鱼类避免捕食行为，从而可能增加了对捕食的脆弱性。这一发现对鱼类食物中汞的食物链转移和汞暴露具有重要意义。

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