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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >AN OVERVIEW OF THE USE OF QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE―ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS FOR RANKING AND PRIORITIZING LARGE CHEMICAL INVENTORIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENTS
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AN OVERVIEW OF THE USE OF QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE―ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS FOR RANKING AND PRIORITIZING LARGE CHEMICAL INVENTORIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENTS

机译：定量结构-活动关系在对环境风险评估的大型化学清单进行排序和优先排序中的使用概述

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摘要

Ecological risk assessments for chemical stressors are used to establish linkages between likely exposure concentrations and adverse effects to ecological receptors. At times, it is useful to conduct screening risk assessments to assist in prioritizing or ranking chemicals on the basis of potential hazard and exposure assessment parameters. Ranking of large chemical inventories can provide evidence for focusing research and/or cleanup efforts on specific chemicals of concern. Because of financial and time constraints, data gaps exist, and the risk assessor is left with decisions on which models to use to estimate the parameter of concern. In this review, several methods are presented for using quantitative structure―activity relationships (QSARs) in conducting hazard screening or screening-level risk assessments. The ranking methods described include those related to current regulatory issues associated with chemical inventories from Canada, Europe, and the United States and an example of a screening-level risk assessment conducted on chemicals associated with a watershed in the midwest region of the United States.
机译：化学应激源的生态风险评估用于建立可能的暴露浓度与对生态受体的不利影响之间的联系。有时，进行筛选风险评估很有用，以帮助根据潜在危害和暴露评估参数对化学品进行优先级排序。大型化学品清单的排名可以为集中于特定关注化学品的研究和/或清理工作提供证据。由于资金和时间的限制，存在数据缺口，风险评估者需要决定使用哪种模型来估计关注的参数。在这篇综述中，提出了几种使用定量结构-活动关系（QSAR）进行危害筛查或筛查级风险评估的方法。所描述的排名方法包括与加拿大，欧洲和美国的化学品清单相关的当前监管问题相关的排名方法，以及对与美国中西部地区分水岭相关的化学品进行筛选级别风险评估的示例。

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