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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >TOXICITY OF CADMIUM, ENDOSULFAN, AND ATRAZINE IN ADRENAL STEROIDOGENIC CELLS OF TWO AMPHIBIAN SPECIES, XENOPUS LAEVIS AND RANA CATESBEIANA
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TOXICITY OF CADMIUM, ENDOSULFAN, AND ATRAZINE IN ADRENAL STEROIDOGENIC CELLS OF TWO AMPHIBIAN SPECIES, XENOPUS LAEVIS AND RANA CATESBEIANA

机译：镉，内啡肽和阿特拉津对两种两栖动物，非洲爪蟾和卡特彼勒蛙的肾上腺造血细胞的毒性

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The effects of cadmium, endosulfan, and atrazine on corticosterone secretion and viability of adrenal cells of African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) and bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) were assessed in vitro using a new bioassay. The bioassay relies on stimulation with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), the endogenous secretagogue for corticosterone secretion, and with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP), an analogue of cAMP, to pinpoint the site of action of the xenobiotics within the steroidogenic cell. To compare the test toxicants according to their endocrine-disrupting potential, the lethal concentration needed to kill 50% of the cells:effective concentration of 50% (LC50:EC50) ratio was calculated, with LC50 as the concentration that kills 50% of the steroidogenic cells and the EC50 as the concentration that impairs corticosterone secretion by 50%. The higher the ratio, the higher the potential for endocrine disruption. Atrazine had no affect on cell viability and on corticosterone secretion in X. laevis, but its endocrine-disrupting potential was high in R. catesbeiana. The LC50:EC50 ratio for cadmium and endosulfan in X. laevis was 26.07 and 1.23, respectively, and for atrazine, cadmium, and endosulfan in R. catesbeiana it was 909, 41, and 3, respectively. The dbcAMP did not restore corticosterone secretion in the cells exposed to the test toxicants in both species. Our study suggests that the secretory capacity of adrenal cells of amphibians can be impaired by environmental chemicals, especially atrazine in the bullfrog, and that these adrenotoxicants disrupt the enzymatic pathways leading to corticosterone secretion downstream from the step-generating cAMP.
机译：使用新的生物测定法，在体外评估了镉，硫丹和at去津对非洲爪蛙（Xenopus laevis）和牛蛙（Rana catesbeiana）皮质酮分泌和肾上腺细胞活力的影响。该生物测定法依靠刺激促肾上腺皮质激素分泌的促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和cAMP的类似物二丁酰环状单磷酸腺苷（dbcAMP）来确定类固醇在类固醇生成细胞中的作用部位。为了根据被试物质的内分泌干扰潜能进行比较，计算出杀死50％细胞所需的致死浓度：计算50％有效浓度（LC50：EC50）的比率，其中LC50为杀死50％细胞的浓度。类固醇生成细胞和EC50（浓度降低50％的皮质酮分泌）。该比率越高，内分泌破坏的可能性越高。阿特拉津对X.laevis中的细胞活力和皮质酮分泌没有影响，但在R. catesbeiana中其内分泌干扰潜能很高。 X. laevis中镉和硫丹的LC50：EC50比分别为26.07和1.23，而Catesbeiana中阿特拉津，镉和硫丹的LC50分别为909、41和3。 dbcAMP不能恢复暴露于两种物种中测试毒物的细胞中皮质酮的分泌。我们的研究表明，环境化学物质（尤其是牛蛙中的阿特拉津）会损害两栖动物的肾上腺细胞的分泌能力，并且这些肾上腺毒素会破坏导致cAMP下游分泌皮质酮的酶促途径。

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