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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Effects of ammonia on juvenile unionid mussels (Lampsilis cardium) in laboratory sediment toxicity tests.
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Effects of ammonia on juvenile unionid mussels (Lampsilis cardium) in laboratory sediment toxicity tests.

机译：在实验室沉积物毒性测试中，氨对幼稚的软体动物贻贝的影响。

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摘要

Ammonia is a relatively toxic compound generated in water and sediments by heterotrophic bacteria and accumulates in sediments and pore water. Recent data suggest that unionid mussels are sensitive to un-ionized ammonia (NH3) relative to other organisms. Existing sediment exposure systems are not suitable for ammonia toxicity studies with juvenile unionids; thus, we modified a system to expose juveniles to ammonia that was continuously infused into sediments. This system maintained consistent concentrations of ammonia in pore water up to 10 d. Juvenile Lampsilis cardium mussels were exposed to NH3 in pore water in replicate 96-h and 10-d sediment toxicity tests. The 96-h median lethal concentrations (LC50s) were 127 and 165 microg NH3-N/L, and the 10-d LC50s were 93 and 140 microg NH3-N/L. The median effective concentrations (EC50s) (based on the proportion affected, including dead and inactive mussels) were 73 and 119 microg NH3-N/L in the 96-h tests and 71 and 99 microg NH3-N/L in the 10-d tests. Growth rate was substantially reduced at concentrations between 31 and 76 microg NH3-N/L. The lethality results (when expressed as total ammonia) are about one-half the acute national water quality criteria for total ammonia, suggesting that existing criteria may not protect juvenile unionids.
机译：氨是异养细菌在水和沉积物中产生的相对毒性化合物，并累积在沉积物和孔隙水中。最近的数据表明，相对于其他生物，软体动物贻贝对未电离的氨（NH3）敏感。现有的沉积物暴露系统不适用于对幼稚类幼虫进行氨气毒性研究；因此，我们修改了系统，使少年暴露于不断注入沉积物中的氨中。该系统可保持孔隙水中氨的浓度始终保持高达10 d。重复进行96-h和10-d沉积物毒性试验，将幼年Lampsilis ium贻贝暴露于孔隙水中的NH3中。 96小时中位致死浓度（LC50）为127和165微克NH3-N / L，10天LC50为93和140微克NH3-N / L。在96小时的测试中，中位数有效浓度（EC50）（基于受影响的比例，包括死亡的贻贝和不活动的贻贝）为73和119微克NH3-N / L，而在10小时的测试中为71和99微克NH3-N / L。 d测试。当浓度在31至76微克NH3-N / L之间时，生长速率大大降低。杀伤力结果（当表示为总氨水时）约为全国总氨水急性急性水质标准的一半，这表明现有标准可能无法保护未成年人。

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